Advent of  Muhammad (ﷺ) as Last & Final Prophet

Humanity as a whole was eagerly waiting for a savior when the whole world, especially the Arabian peninsula had been passing through “Ayyame Jahiliya” (age of darkness) during the birth time of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). Immoral and shameful activities disrupted human societies everywhere. Widespread arrogance, tribal feuds, rivalries, anarchy, and chaos were the general scenarios of that time. Prophet Ibrahim () built the House of Ka’ba at the command Allah (SWT) for the sole purpose of worshiping Him alone. But later on, it was turned into a place for worshipping idols, discarding only Allah’s worship. The previous Scriptures of Allah (SWT) revealed to a number of Messengers were distorted and unheeded by the Ahle–Kitab (people of the book). As a result, spirituality was at a low ebb and morality was on the decline throughout the whole world. Moreover, a big vacuum was created since the departure of Prophet Isa () long ago. In that crucial situation, Allah (SWT) was pleased to send Muhammad as His last and final prophet as well as ‘Mercy to the Universe’. “We did not send you (O Muhammad) except as mercy to the Universe.” (21:107)

The verses relating to the arrival of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) are cited below:

يٰۤاَيُّهَا النَّاسُ قَدْ جَآءَكُمُ الرَّسُوْلُ بِالْحَقِّ مِنْ رَّبِّكُمْ فَاٰمِنُوْا خَيْرًا لَّكُمْ وَاِنْ تَكْفُرُوْا فَاِنَّ لِلّٰهِ مَا فِى السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضِ ^ط وَكَانَ اللهُ عَلِيْمًا حَكِيْمًا۝

“O mankind! The Messenger has come to you with the truth from your Lord, so believe—that is best for you. But if you disbelieve, to Allah belongs everything in the heavens and the earth. Allah is Omniscient and Wise.” (4:170)

اِنَّآ اَرْسَلْنٰكَ بِالْحَقِّ بَشِيْرًا وَّنَذِيْرًا وَّلَا تُسْـَٔلُ عَنْ اَصْحٰبِ الْجَحِيْمِ۝

“We have sent you with the truth—bringing good news, and giving warnings. You will not be questioned about the inmates of Hell.” (2:119)

  كِتٰبٌ اَنْزَلْنٰهُ اِلَيْكَ لِتُخْرِجَ النَّاسَ مِنَ الظُّلُمٰتِ اِلَى النُّوْرِ بِاِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ اِلٰى صِرٰطِ الْعَزِيْزِ الْحَمِيْدِ۝

“….. A Scripture that We revealed to you, that you may bring humanity from darkness to light – with the permission of their Lord – to the path of the Almighty, the Praiseworthy.” (14:1).

اِنَّآ اَرْسَلْنٰكَ شٰهِدًا وَّمُبَشِّرًا وَّنَذِيْرًا۝ لِّتُؤْمِنُوْا بِاللهِ وَرَسُوْلِه وَتُعَزِّرُوْهُ وَتُوْقِّرُوْهُ وَتُسَبِّحُوْهُ بُكْرَةً وَّاَصِيْلًا۝

“We sent you as a witness, and as a bearer of good news, and as a warner. So that you (people) may believe in Allah and His Messenger, and support Him (His Deen), and revere Him, and praise Him morning and evening.” (48:8 – 9)

وَمَآ اَرْسَلْنٰكَ اِلَّا مُبَشِّرًا وَّنَذِيْرًا۝ قُلْ مَاۤ اَسْـَٔلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ اَجْرٍ اِلَّا مَنْ شَآءَ اَنْ يَّتَّخِذَ اِلٰى رَبِّه سَبِيْلًا۝ وَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى الْحَىِّ الَّذِىْ لَا يَمُوْتُ وَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِه وَكَفٰى بِه بِذُنُوْبِ عِبَادِه خَبِيْرًا۝

“We sent you only as a herald of good news and a warner. Say (O Prophet), ‘I ask of you no remuneration for this – only that whoever wills may take a path to his Lord.’ And put your trust in the Ever-Living, the One who never dies; and glorify Him with praise. He suffices as the Knower of the sins of His servants.” (25:56 – 58)

يٰۤاَهْلَ الْكِتٰبِ قَدْ جَآءَكُمْ رَسُوْلُنَا يُبَيِّنُ لَكُمْ كَثِيْرًا مِّمَّا كُنْتُمْ تُخْفُوْنَ مِنَ الْكِتٰبِ وَيَعْفُوْا عَن كَثِيْرٍ قَدْ جَآءَكُمْ مِّنَ اللهِ نُوْرٌ وَكِتٰبٌ مُّبِيْنٌ۝ يَهْدِىْ بِه اللهُ مَنْ اتَّبَعَ رِضْوٰنَه سُبُلَ السَّلٰمِ وَيُخْرِجُهُمْ مِّنَ الظُّلُمٰتِ اِلَى النُّوْرِ بِاِذْنِهوَ یَہْدِیْهِمْ  اِلٰی  صِرَاطٍ مُّسْتَقِیْمٍ ۝

“O People of the Book! Undoubtedly Our Messenger has come to you, exposing for you much of what you kept hidden of the Book (Tourat and Injeel), and overlooking much (that concealed). No doubt a light from Allah has come to you, and a clear Book. Allah guides with it whoever seeks His approval to the ways of peace, and He brings them out of darkness into light, by His permission, and He guides them to a straight path.” (5:15 – 16)

یٰۤاَهْلَ الْكِتٰبِ قَدْ جَآءَکُمْ رَسُوْلُنَا یُبَیِّنُ لَکُمْ عَلٰی فَتْرَۃٍ مِّنَ الرُّسُلِ اَنْ تَقُوْلُوْا مَا جَآءَنَا مِنْۢ بَشِیْرٍ وَلَا نَذِیْرٍ ۫ فَقَدْ جَآءَکُمْ بَشِیْرٌ وَنَذِیْرٌ ؕ وَاللّٰهُ عَلٰی کُلِّ شَیْءٍ قَدِیْرٌ ۝

“O People of the Book! Now has come unto you Our Messenger, after the break in (the series of) our apostles, making (things) clear unto you, lest you should say: ‘There came unto us no bearer of glad tidings and no warner (from evil)’: But now has come unto you a bearer of glad tidings and a warner (from evil). And Allah has power over all things.” (5:19)

His Birth & Family Lineage

Muhammad ((ﷺ) is widely believed to have been born on the 12^th of Rabiwal Awwal in the year 570 CE in the city of Makkah. His family lineage is linked with that of Prophet Ibrahim () through his son Prophet Isma’il (). His family clan was Hashimite of the Quraish tribe of Makkah. His father’s name was Abdullah Ibn Abdul Muttalib, and his mother’s name was Aminah-bint-Wahab.

His Childhood

Muhammad’s (ﷺ) father died a few months before his birth, so he was a posthumous child as well as an orphan. As per the tradition of that time Arabian Peninsula, a newly born child was to be sent to a wet mother’s house for breastfeeding. So, a woman named Halima from Taif was chosen to be wet mother of Muhammad (ﷺ). During his stay at Halima’s house, she was continually blessed with good fortune. He stayed there with the utmost care of Halima and other family members and learned the pure Arabic language. His mother, Aminah, died when he was only six years old. The guardianship of this orphan child was first taken by his grandfather, Abdul Muttalib, a prominent Quraish leader, and then by his uncle, Abu Talib, after the death of his grandfather.

His Youth

During youth Muhammad (ﷺ) was a well-revered man in the community, known for his high moral standing. The people of Makkah would call him ‘Al-Amin’ (the trustworthy) because of his good moral conduct, honesty, and truthfulness. During his youth, he accompanied his uncle Abu Talib on a business trip to Syria. Afterward, he was engaged in the business of Khadijah-bint-Walid, one of the most dignified and wealthy ladies of Makkah.

His First Marriage & Family Life

Muhammad’s (ﷺ) employer, Khadijah (), sent him a marriage proposal after being very pleased and impressed with his honesty and excellent conduct. She was then a widowed woman of forty. Muhammad (ﷺ), then 25, accepted the proposal and married her. Khadijah () became the first Muslim to accept Islam after Allah (SWT) declared Muhammad (ﷺ) as His prophet. They had a happy family life of twenty-five years. Khadijah () died at the age of 65 leaving four daughters. Their two sons died at an infant age. Their family life was a role model for all married couples of all time. He was also the most affectionate, caring, and responsible father. He used to maintain a very cordial connection with his kith and kin.

Beginning of Prophetic Life of Muhammad (ﷺ) 

In the midst of Arabia’s disgusting situation, Muhammad (ﷺ) became deeply frustrated and went into soul-searching meditation in the cave of Mount Hera. In that trying situation, at the age of forty Allah (SWT) chose Muhammad (ﷺ) as His prophet and messenger. He received the Wahi (Revelation) from Allah (SWT) through Angel Jibreel (). Thus, Allah (SWT) fulfilled His promise by choosing Muhammad (ﷺ) as the last and final prophet and messenger as well as a role model for humanity. Allah revealed the Qur’an to him to guide mankind toward His path.

The revelations of Al-Qur’an began with the first five verses of Surah ‘Alaq’. Jibreel () descended on the Mount Heera (Jabal an-Noor) with ‘Wahee’ (Revelations) from Allah (SWT), when Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) was engrossed in deep meditation in a cave of that mountain. Jibreel () called upon him to ‘Read’. But he replied, ‘I can’t read’. This happened two more times with same reply from him. Thereupon Jibreel () caught hold of him and embraced him heavily and again asked him to recite the following five verses:

اِقْرَاْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِیْ خَلَقَ ۚ۝ خَلَقَ الْاِنْسَانَ مِنْ عَلَقٍ ۚ۝ اِقْرَاْ وَرَبُّكَ الْاَکْرَمُ ۙ۝ الَّذِیْ عَلَّمَ بِالْقَلَمِ ۙ۝ عَلَّمَ الْاِنْسَانَ مَا لَمْ یَعْلَمْ۝

“Read! In the Name of your Lord who created. Created man from a clot of congealed blood. Read! And your Lord is the Most Generous. He who taught by the pen. Taught man what he never knew.” (96:1 – 5)

The Qur’an gives a description of the first revelation in the following verses:

اِنْ هُوَ  اِلَّا وَحْیٌ  یُّوْحٰی ۝ عَلَّمَہٗ شَدِیْدُ الْقُوٰی ۝ ذُوْ مِرَّۃٍ ؕ   فَاسْتَوٰی ۝ وَهُوَ بِالْاُفُقِ الْاَعْلٰی۝ ثُمَّ دَنَا فَتَدَلّٰی ۝ فَكَانَ قَابَ قَوْسَیْنِ اَوْ اَدْنٰی ۝ فَاَوْحٰۤی اِلٰی عَبْدِہٖ مَاۤ اَوْحٰی ۝

“It (the Qur’an) is nothing but a revelation sent down to him. He was taught by one Mighty in Power (Jibreel ), and endowed with Wisdom: for he appeared in his own form; while he was on the uppermost horizon: Then he approached and came closer, and was at a distance of but two bow-lengths or even nearer; So, did ((Allah)) revealed to His Servant- what He (meant) to reveal.” (53:4 – 10)

Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) initially preached Islam covertly, confiding in his family members, close associates, and friends. Allah (SWT) later instructed him to spread his message publicly, prompting mixed reactions from the people of Makkah. Despite the lack of interest from the majority of the population, a small group of Muslims emerged with unwavering faith and devotion. As the number of followers grew, the Quraish leaders became increasingly concerned about the potential demise of their ancestral religion of idolatry. They tried to bribe Muhammad (ﷺ) with wealth, power, and women, but he refused their offers outright. The Quraish leaders then appealed to Abu Talib, a respected leader of the Quraish and Muhammad’s (ﷺ) beloved uncle, to prevent him from preaching Islam. When their attempts proved unsuccessful, they resorted to oppressive and repressive measures against Muhammad (ﷺ) and his followers, making Makkah and its environs a perilous place to spread Islam. At that critical situation Allah (SWT) revealed some verses of consolation and inspiration upon His prophet.  The related verses of this topic are quoted below:

وَالضُّحٰى۝ وَالَّيْلِ اِذَا سَجٰى۝ مَا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَمَا قَلٰى۝ وَلَلْاٰخِرَةُ خَيْرٌ لَّكَ مِنَ الْاُوْلٰى۝ وَلَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيْكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضٰۤى۝ اَلَمْ يَجِدْكَ يَتِيْمًا فَاٰوٰى۝ وَوَجَدَكَ ضَآلًّا فَهَدٰى۝ وَوَجَدَكَ عَآئِلًا فَاَغْنٰى۝ فَاَمَّا الْيَتِيْمَ فَلَا تَقْهَرْ۝ وَاَمَّا السَّآئِلَ فَلَا تَنْهَرْ۝ وَاَمَّا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ۝

“By the morning light. And the night as it settles. Your Lord did not abandon you, nor did He forget. The Hereafter is better for you than the First (this life). And your Lord will soon give you, and you will be satisfied. Did He not find you orphaned, and sheltered you? And found you wandering, and guided you? And found you in need, and enriched you? Therefore, don’t mistreat orphans. Nor deny seekers. But proclaim the blessings of your Lord.” (93:1 – 11)

اَلَمْ نَشْرَحْ لَكَ صَدْرَكَ۝ وَوَضَعْنَا عَنْكَ وِزْرَكَ۝ الَّذِىْۤ اَنْقَضَ ظَهْرَكَ۝ وَرَفَعْنَا لَكَ ذِكْرَكَ۝ فَاِنَّ مَعَ الْعُسْرِ يُسْرًا۝ اِنَّ مَعَ الْعُسْرِ يُسْرًا۝ فَاِذَا فَرَغْتَ فَانْصَبْ۝ وَاِلٰى رَبِّكَ فَارْغَبْ۝

“Did We not open your heart (for truth)? And relieve you of your burden, that was very burdensome for you? And elevated your fame? Certainly, with hardship comes ease. Certainly, hardship comes ease. When your work is done, turn to devotion. And to your Lord turn for everything.” (94:1 – 8)

كَمَاۤ اَرْسَلْنَا فِيْكُمْ رَسُوْلًا مِّنْكُمْ يَتْلُوْا عَلَيْكُمْ اٰيٰتِنَا وَيُزَكِّيْكُمْ وَيُعَلِّمُكُمُ الْكِتٰبَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَيُعَلِّمُكُمْ مَّا لَمْ تَكُوْنُوْا تَعْلَمُوْنَ۝

“Just as We sent to you a messenger from among you, who recites Our revelations to you, and purifies you, and teaches you the Book and wisdom, and teaches you what you did not know.” (2:151)

Persecution of Muslims by the Quraish

Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) and his followers faced fierce opposition, oppression, mockery, and humiliation from Quraysh leaders, who used to hurt him in any way. They created all types of obstacles to stop him from preaching the monotheistic religion of Islam, then they imposed a socio-economic boycott on Banu Hashim, the Prophet’s (ﷺ) clan. This unjust boycott continued for about three years, causing enormous suffering to them. After boycott was lifted Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) suffered another setback with the deaths of his two most ardent supporters – Uncle Abu Talib and wife Khadijah (). Thus, the city of Makkah became a more insecure place for him and his followers. But nothing could prevent him from his mission. Then the Prophet (ﷺ) traveled to Ta’if, a neighborhood, with his foster son Zaid () in the hope of finding a congenial place for his mission. There too, he faced tough opposition and brutality. Being badly injured, he came back with utter despair, yet the prophet of mercy, instead of cursing the people of Ta’if, prayed to the Almighty Allah for their “Hedayah” (true guidance).

The related verses on this topic are quoted below:

وَمَا نَقَمُوا مِنْهُمْ إِلَّا أَن يُؤْمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَمِيدِ ۝ الَّذِي لَهُ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۚ وَاللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ شَهِيدٌ۝إِنَّ الَّذِينَ فَتَنُوا الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَتُوبُوا فَلَهُمْ عَذَابُ جَهَنَّمَ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابُ الْحَرِيقِ ۝إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ لَهُمْ جَنَّاتٌ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْكَبِيرُ ۝ إِنَّ بَطْشَ رَبِّكَ لَشَدِيدٌ ۝

“And they ill-treated them for no other reason than that they believed in Allah, Exalted in Power, Worthy of all Praise! Him to Whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth! And Allah is Witness to all things. Those who persecute (or draw into temptation) the Believers, men and women, and do not turn in repentance, will have the Penalty of Hell: They will have the Penalty of the Burning Fire. For those who believe and do righteous deeds, will be Gardens; beneath which rivers flow: That is the great Salvation, (the fulfilment of all desires), Truly strong is the Grip (and Power) of thy Lord.” (85:8–12)

Migration of Muslims to Abyssinia & Madinah

Amid the acute enmity and hostility of Makkan leaders,  Hizrat (migration) occurred in two phases. The first migration of Muslims took place to Abyssinia (present-day Ethiopia) when Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) advised his companions, “If you were to go to Abyssinia, it would be better for you, because the king will not tolerate injustice and it is a friendly country, until such time as Allah shall relieve you of your distress.” As a result, a group of Muslims led by the Prophet’s (ﷺ) cousin named Zafar Ibn Abu Talib (), migrated there. The Quraysh leaders sent a deputation to King Negus of Abyssinia to bring Muslims back to Makkah. But the Christian King rejected the Quraysh’s plea and allowed Muslims to stay there peacefully.

During the pilgrimage season in Makkah, Muhammad (ﷺ) secretly met a group of pilgrims from Yathrib (Madinah) at a place called ‘Aqaba’ and preached Islam to them. They responded positively and pledged their allegiance (Bayat) to him, marking the ‘First Bayat of Aqaba.’ The following year, more pilgrims from Madinah arrived, and the Prophet met them again at the same location. They also pledged to him, which became known as the ‘Second Bayat of Aqaba.’ The support and cooperation of the people of Madinah spurred the migration of Muhammad (ﷺ) and his followers to that region. Thus, the second and larger-scale migration occurred to Madinah which became a sanctuary of Muslim migrants. The people of Madinah offered valuable support to Prophet (ﷺ) by inviting him and his followers to migrate to their city. This paved the way for Muslims to migrate en masse to the neighboring city of Madinah. This “Hijrat” (migration) to Madinah is a great event and a turning point in the history of Islam, as it opened the gateway for its spread throughout the world.

The people of Madinah generously accepted the Muslim migrants as their religious brothers and even gave them a share of their property and homestead despite their hardship. Being satisfied with the generosity of the people of Yathrib, Allah (SWT) gave them the title “Ansar” (the Helpers of Islam). Later on, the name of Yathrib was changed to “Madinah.” Soon after, a new Islamic state was established there, led by the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). Allah (SWT) was pleased with both those who left their homes and migrated for His cause and those who gave migrants shelter and all-out support. Allah (SWT) promised great rewards for both the migrants and their supporters in the following verse:

وَ السّٰبِقُوْنَ الْاَوَّلُوْنَ مِنَ الْمُهٰجِرِیْنَ وَالْاَنْصَارِ وَالَّذِیْنَ اتَّبَعُوْهُمْ بِاِحْسَانٍ ۙ رَّضِیَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُوْا عَنْهُ وَاَعَدَّ لَهُمْ جَنّٰتٍ تَجْرِیْ تَحْتَهَا الْاَنْهٰرُ خٰلِدِیْنَ فِیْهَاۤ اَبَدًا ؕ ذٰلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِیْمُ۝

“Allah is pleased with the Pioneers – the first of the ‘Muhajireen’ (Migrants from Makkah) and the ‘Ansars’ (Supporters from Madinah), and those who followed them with sincerity, and they are pleased with Him too. He has prepared for them Gardens beneath which rivers flow, where they will abide forever. That is the sublime triumph.” (9:100)

Founding Islamic State of Madinah

In cooperation with all religious groups and tribes of Madinah, Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) founded a welfare state there and framed a constitution named the “Charter of Madinah” for its citizens with the rights of peaceful coexistence and justice. He created unity and brotherhood between the two principal tribes, ‘Aus’ and ‘Khazraj’, who were bitter enemies of each other for a long time. He was sincere in his words and actions; he preached the message of Allah (SWT) with all sincerity; called the people with wisdom and reason towards Allah’s Deen; and advised them nicely to live a righteous life.

Aggressions of Enemies & Permission of Jihad

The newly established Islamic state of Madinah fell under severe threat from enemies of Islam. The Quraysh of Makkah and their allies waged war against Islam and invaded Madinah repeatedly. The Jews and hypocrites of Madinah gave support to the invaders treacherously.  In these circumstances, Allah (SWT) revealed the following verse granting permission to engage in Jihad in order to defend Islam from the enemies’ aggression.

“Permission (to fight back) is given to those (Muslims) who are under aggression, because they have been oppressed; – and verily, Allah is most powerful for their help.” (22:39)

وَ مَا لَکُمْ لَا تُقَاتِلُوْنَ فِیْ سَبِیْلِ اللّٰهِ وَالْمُسْتَضْعَفِیْنَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ وَالنِّسَآءِ وَالْوِلْدَانِ الَّذِیْنَ یَقُوْلُوْنَ رَبَّنَاۤ اَخْرِجْنَا مِنْ هٰذِهِ الْقَرْیَۃِ الظَّالِمِ اَهْلُهَا ۚ وَاجْعَلْ لَّنَا مِنْ لَّدُنْكَ وَلِیًّا ۚۙ وَّاجْعَلْ لَّنَا مِنْ لَّدُنْكَ نَصِیْرًا ۝ اَلَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا یُقَاتِلُوْنَ فِیْ سَبِیْلِ اللّٰهِ ۚ وَالَّذِیْنَ كَفَرُوْا یُقَاتِلُوْنَ فِیْ سَبِیْلِ الطَّاغُوْتِ فَقَاتِلُوْۤا اَوْلِیَآءَ الشَّیْطٰنِ ۚ اِنَّ كَیْدَ الشَّیْطٰنِ كَانَ ضَعِیْفًا۝

“And why should you not fight in the cause of Allah and in support of those who, being weak, are ill-treated (and oppressed)? – Men, women, and children, whose cry is: ‘Our Lord! Rescue us from this town, whose people are oppressors; and raise for us from you one (leader) who will protect; and raise for us from you one who will help!’ Those who believe fight in the cause of Allah, and those who reject Faith fight in the cause of Evil force: So, fight you against the friends of Satan: frail indeed is the conspiracy of Satan.” (4:75 – 76)

The Prophet of Islam fought a number of battles against Islam’s enemies, which have been mentioned in Jihad chapter of this book.

The Final Stage of Prophetic Mission

The mission of Muhammad (ﷺ) as a prophet reached its final stage with the liberation of the Holy Ka’ba – the House of Allah – from the polytheistic Quraish community of Makkah. This sacred site was originally constructed by the prophets Ibrahim () and Ismail () under Divine instruction for the exclusive purpose of worshipping Allah alone. However, over time, subsequent generations deviated from this intention and introduced idols for worship, replacing the true belief in one God with false deities.

لَقَدْ صَدَقَ اللّٰهُ رَسُوْلَهُ الرُّءْیَا بِالْحَقِّ ۚ لَتَدْخُلُنَّ الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ اِنْ شَآءَ اللّٰهُ اٰمِنِیْنَ ۙ مُحَلِّقِیْنَ رُءُوْسَکُمْ وَمُقَصِّرِیْنَ ۙ لَا تَخَافُوْنَ ؕ فَعَلِمَ مَا لَمْ تَعْلَمُوْا فَجَعَلَ مِنْ دُوْنِ ذٰلِكَ فَتْحًا قَرِیْبًا۝

“Verily Allah has fulfilled His Messenger’s vision in truth: ‘When Allah wills, you will enter the Sacred Mosque, in security, in shaven heads or trimmed hair, and without fear. Allah had knowledge of that which you did not know and has granted an imminent victory (of Khaybar) even before that (entrance to Sacred Mosque).” (48:27)

اِذَا جَآءَ نَصْرُ اللهِ وَالْفَتْحُ۝ وَرَاَيْتَ النَّاسَ يَدْخُلُوْنَ فِىْ دِيْنِ اللهِ اَفْوَاجًا۝ فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْهُ اِنَّه كَانَ تَوَّابًا۝

“When Allah’s help and victory will come – And you see mass of people are entering Allah’s religion. Then glorify the praise of your Lord, and seek His forgiveness. He is the Acceptor of Repentance.” (110:1– 3)

End of Prophetic Mission (Khatme-Nabuwat)

In Islamic terminology, ‘Khatme-Nabuwat’ means the conclusion of the Prophetic Mission on earth. Muhammad (ﷺ) was the last and final Prophet and Messenger of Allah (SWT), and he completed the prophetic chain. In the Holy Qur’an, Allah (SWT) termed him “Kahtemun-Nabyyin” (33:40), the seal of the prophets. That means the end of the arrival of prophets after him.

Prophet Muhammad’s (ﷺ) prophetic mission was completed with the revelation of the Qur’anic verse: “……. Today I have perfected your religion for you, completed My bounties upon you and chosen Islam as your Deen (religion)….” (5:3). This verse recognized Islam as the final religion for mankind. His prophetic mission was to establish Islam as the chosen Deen of Allah (SWT) on Earth. His prophetic life was dedicated to achieving this goal and finally, by the grace of Allah (SWT), he accomplished his assigned mission in accordance with the Qur’anic instructions. As an outcome, an Islamic state was established in Madinah based on the Qur’an and Sunnah. So, it is clearly proven that the chain of prophethood has finally culminated.

The last and final Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) left two precious things at the end of his twenty-three-year prophetic life: the Holy Qur’an, and his Sunnah (precepts and practices) for demonstrating true guidance to humanity. Within a short span of time, he brought about such a revolutionary change that it attracted the attention of humanity all over the world. Thenceforth, the religion of Islam has been showing guidance to mankind, and this will continue until the Day of Qiyamah.

Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) said in his final sermon on the occasion of Hajjul Wida in the Valley of Arafat, “O people, no prophet or apostle will come after me, and no new faith will be born. Reason well, therefore, O people, and understand the words which I convey to you. I leave behind me two things: the Qur’an and my example, the Sunnah, and if you follow these, you will never go astray. All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and those to others again, and may the last ones understand my words better than those who listen to me directly. Be my witness, O Allah, that I have conveyed your message to your people.” (Bukhari: Hadith 1623, 1626, and 6361).

The verses relating to above topic are given below:

مَّا كَانَ مُحَمَّدٌ اَبَاۤ اَحَدٍ مِّنْ رِّجَالِكُمْ وَلٰكِن رَّسُوْلَ اللهِ وَخَاتَمَ النَّبِيِّنَ ^ط وَكَانَ اللهُ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيْمًا۝

“Muhammad is not the father of any of your men; but he is the Messenger of Allah, and the seal of the prophets. Allah is Cognizant of everything.” (33:40)

الْيَوْمَ اَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِيْنَكُمْ وَاَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِىْ وَرَضِيْتُ لَكُمُ الْاِسْلٰمَ دِيْنًا۝

“……….Today I have perfected your religion for you, completed My bounties upon you and chosen Islam as your Deen (religion)…..” (5:3)

Shariah of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ)

Shariah of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) refers to Islam’s legal system, which is comprised of Islamic laws as revealed in the Qur’an and the Sunnah (the Prophet Muhammad’s and his companions’ advice and practices). It is a complete code of life and one of the dynamic disciplines, dealing with the practical rules and regulations derived from the primary sources of the Qur’an and Sunnah, such as worship, rituals, and social laws. Muhammad (ﷺ) is the last and final prophet, his Sharia is also the final one, binding on all human beings. A ‘Fatwa’ (ruling of Islamic scholars) is drawn on the basis of the principles of the Qur’an and Sunnah to derive an answer to a particular issue not mentioned in the Qur’an or Hadith.

ثُمَّ جَعَلْنٰكَ عَلٰى شَرِيْعَةٍ مِّنَ الْاَمْرِ فَاتَّبِعْهَا وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ اَهْوَآءَ الَّذِيْنَ لَا يَعْلَمُوْنَ۝

“Then We set you upon a special pathway (of Islamic Shariah), so follow it, and do not follow the whims of those who are ignorant.” (45:18)

قُلْ هٰذِہٖ سَبِیْلِیْۤ اَدْعُوْۤا اِلَی اللّٰهِ عَلٰی بَصِیْرَۃٍ اَنَا وَمَنِ اتَّبَعَنِیْ ؕ وَسُبْحٰنَ اللّٰهِ وَمَاۤ  اَنَا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِیْنَ۝

“(O Prophet) Say, ‘This is my way; I invite (people) towards Allah, based on clear knowledge as well as those who follow me too. Glory be to Allah; and I am not of the polytheists.” (12:108)

Islam as Complete and Final Religion

On the day of Farewell Hajj congregation at Arafa, Makkah Allah (SWT) declared Islam Islam as the complete, perfected and final religion by revealing the following verse of the Qur’an:

…. اَلْیَوْمَ اَکْمَلْتُ لَکُمْ دِیْنَکُمْ وَاَتْمَمْتُ عَلَیْکُمْ نِعْمَتِیْ وَرَضِیْتُ لَکُمُ الْاِسْلَامَ دِیْنًا ؕ…

“…… This day I have perfected your religion for you, completed My favor upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion……..” (5:3)

Departure of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ)

Prophet Muhammad’s (ﷺ) earthly life came to an end one 12^th of Rabiwal Awwal in the year 632 CE. The following verses may be quoted as indication of the Prophet’s departure from this world:

There was a mixed reaction among the companions of the Prophet about his death. Some of them went insane as a result of the intense shock.  This unwanted situation soon cooled down when Abu Bakr () addressed the people, saying, “O men, if you have been worshipping Muhammad, then know that Muhammad is dead. But if you have been worshipping Allah, then know that Allah is everlasting and never dies.” Then he recited the following verse of the Qur’an:

وَمَا مُحَمَّدٌ اِلَّا رَسُوْلٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ اَفَائِنْ مَّاتَ اَوْ قُتِلَ اِنْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلٰۤى اَعْقٰبِكُمْ وَمَنْ يَّنْقَلِبْ عَلٰى عَقِبَيْهِ فَلَنْ يَّضُرَّ اللهَ شَيْـًٔا وَّسَيَجْزِى اللهُ الشّٰكِرِيْنَ۝

“Muhammad is no more than a messenger. Messengers have passed on before him. If he dies or gets killed, will you turn on your heels? He who turns on his heels will not harm Allah in any way. And Allah will reward the appreciative.” (3:144)

Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ): An Ideal and Mercy for Humanity

Prophet Muhammad’s (ﷺ) character, dignity, and virtues are evident in the verses of the Qur’an. He lived in accordance with the Qur’anic ideals and embodied them flawlessly, making him an exemplary figure for humankind. He epitomized a range of virtues, combining them into a unique character that inspired others. He emphasized the significance of morality and advocated for good manners, honesty, loyalty, and chastity. Additionally, he strengthened social bonds by stressing the importance of being dutiful to one’s parents and relatives and practicing what he preached. In essence, Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) was a living Qur’an, his lifestyle a testament to its teachings. Allah (SWT) says, “There is an excellent example in the Messenger of Allah.” (33:30). Allah (SWT) has exalted him and promised him “Maqam-e-Mahmood,” the highest place in Jannah (17:79). It is the declaration of Allah (SWT) that He sent him as the “Mercy of the whole universe.” (21:107).

The following verses support the above statement:

وَ  اِنَّكَ لَعَلٰی خُلُقٍ عَظِیْمٍ ۝

“And Indeed, you are of an excellent moral character.” (68:4)

وَمَاۤ اَرْسَلْنٰكَ اِلَّا كَآفَّةً لِّلنَّاسِ بَشِيْرًا وَّنَذِيْرًا وَّلٰكِنَّ اَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُوْنَ۝

“We sent you only universally to all people, a herald and warner, but most people do not know.” (34:28)

لَّقَدْ كَانَ لَكُمْ فِىْ رَسُوْلِ اللهِ اُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ لِّمَنْ كَانَ يَرْجُوْا اللهَ وَالْيَوْمَ الْاٰخِرَ وَذَكَرَ اللهَ كَثِيْرًا۝

“There is an excellent example in the Messenger of Allah; for anyone who seeks Allah and the Last Day and remembers Allah frequently.” (33:21)

وَمِنَ الَّيْلِ فَتَهَجَّدْ بِه نَافِلَةً لَّكَ عَسٰۤى اَنْ يَّبْعَثَكَ رَبُّكَ مَقَامًا مَّحْمُوْدًا ۝

“And keep vigil with ‘Tahajjud’ prayer (late night-prayer) during parts of the night, as an extra prayer. Perhaps your Lord will raise you to ‘Makam-e-Mahmood’ (a highly praiseworthy position).” (17:79)

فَبِمَا رَحْمَةٍ مِّنَ اللهِ لِنْتَ لَهُمْ ^ط وَلَوْ كُنْتَ فَظًّا غَلِيْظَ الْقَلْبِ لَانْفَضُّوْا مِنْ حَوْلِكَ ^ط فَاعْفُ عَنْهُمْ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ ^ط وَشَاوِرْهُمْ فِى الْاَمْرِ ^ط فَاِذَا عَزَمْتَ فَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللهِ ^ط اِنَّ اللهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُتَوَكِّلِيْنَ۝

“It is by the grace from Allah that you (O Muhammad) are lenient (gentle) with them. Had you been harsh, hardhearted, they would have dispersed from you. So, pardon them, and ask forgiveness for them, and consult them in the conduct of affairs. And when you make a decision, put your trust in Allah; Allah loves the trusting.” (3:159)

وَمَاۤ اَرْسَلْنٰكَ اِلَّا رَحْمَةً لِّلْعٰلَمِيْنَ۝

“We did not send you except as a mercy to the universes.” (21:107)

اِنَّآ اَعْطَيْنٰكَ الْكَوْثَرَ۝ فَصَلِّ لِرَبِّكَ وَانْحَرْ۝ اِنَّ شَانِئَكَ هُوَ الْاَبْتَرُ۝

“We have given you profusely. So, perform salah for your Lord and sacrifice. Verily, he who maligns you lacks the posterity.” (108:1 – 3)

يٰۤاَيُّهَا النَّبِىُّ اِنَّاۤ اَرْسَلْنٰكَ شٰهِدًا وَّمُبَشِّرًا وَّنَذِيْرًا۝ وَدَاعِيْا اِلَى اللهِ بِاِذْنِه وَسِرَاجًا مُّنِيْرًا۝

“O Prophet! We have sent you as a witness, and a bearer of good news, and a warner. And a caller towards Allah by His leave, and an illuminating beacon.” (33:45 – 46)

لَقَدْ جَآءَكُمْ رَسُوْلٌ مِّنْ اَنْفُسِكُمْ عَزِيْزٌ عَلَيْهِ مَا عَنِتُّمْ حَرِيْصٌ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْمُؤْمِنِيْنَ رَءُوْفٌ رَّحِيْمٌ۝ فَاِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَقُلْ حَسْبِىَ اللهُ لَاۤ اِلٰهَ اِلَّا هُوَ عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَهُوْ رَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيْمِ۝

“There has come to you a messenger from among yourselves, concerned over your suffering, anxious over you. Towards the believers, he is compassionate and merciful. If they turn away, say, ‘Allah is enough for me; there is no god except He; in Him, I have put my trust; He is the Lord of the Sublime Throne’.” (9:128 – 129)

اَلَّذِیْنَ یَتَّبِعُوْنَ الرَّسُوْلَ النَّبِیَّ الْاُمِّیَّ الَّذِیْ یَجِدُوْنَہٗ مَکْتُوْبًا عِنْدَهُمْ فِی التَّوْرٰىۃِ وَالْاِنْجِیْلِ ۫ یَاْمُرُهُمْ بِالْمَعْرُوْفِ وَیَنْهٰهُمْ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَیُحِلُّ لَهُمُ الطَّیِّبٰتِ وَیُحَرِّمُ عَلَیْهِمُ الْخَبٰٓئِثَ وَیَضَعُ عَنْهُمْ اِصْرَهُمْ وَالْاَغْلٰلَ الَّتِیْ كَانَتْ عَلَیْهِمْ ؕ فَالَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا بِہٖ وَعَزَّرُوْهُ وَنَصَرُوْهُ وَاتَّبَعُوا النُّوْرَ الَّذِیْۤ اُنْزِلَ مَعَہٗۤ ۙ  اُولٰٓئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُوْنَ ۝

“Those who follow the Messenger, the Unlettered Prophet, whom they find mentioned in the ‘Tourat’ (Torah) and the ‘Injeel’ (Gospel) in their possession. He directs them to righteousness, and deters them from evil, and allows for them all good things, and prohibits them from impurities, and unloads the burdens and the shackles that are upon them. Those who believe in him, and respect him, and support him, and follow the light that revealed with him—these are the successful ones.” (7:157)

لَقَدْ مَنَّ اللّٰهُ عَلَی الْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ اِذْ بَعَثَ فِیْهِمْ رَسُوْلًا مِّنْ اَنْفُسِهِمْ یَتْلُوْا عَلَیْهِمْ اٰیٰتِہٖ وَیُزَكِیْهِمْ وَیُعَلِّمُهُمُ الْكِتٰبَ وَالْحِکْمَۃَ  وَ اِنْ كَانُوْا مِنْ قَبْلُ لَفِیْ ضَلٰلٍ مُّبِیْنٍ ۝

“Certainly, Allah conferred a favor upon the believers when He raised an Apostle from among themselves, reciting to them His verses, and purifying them and teaching them the book and wisdom, surely before that they are in manifest error.” (3:164).

وَ مَا كَانَ اللّٰهُ لِیُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَاَنْتَ فِیْهِمْ ؕ وَمَا كَانَ اللّٰهُ مُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَهُمْ یَسْتَغْفِرُوْنَ۝

“And Allah would not punish them while you (O Muhammad ﷺ) are amongst them, nor He will punish them while (as long as) they seek (Allah’s) Forgiveness.” (8:33)

Prophet Muhammad’s (ﷺ) Call to Humanity

The prophetic tasks of Muhammad (ﷺ) have been clearly explained in the Holy Qur’an. His mission was to preach the teachings of the Qur’an in order to bring humanity from darkness to the light of Islam, the chosen straight path of Allah (SWT). He was assigned to call the people toward Islam in a decent manner for their wellbeing in this world and the hereafter.

The verses related to his prophetic mission are quoted below:

وَمَاۤ اَرْسَلْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَّسُوْلٍ اِلَّا نُوْحِىۤ اِلَيْهِ اَنَّه لَاۤ اِلٰهَ اِلَّاۤ اَنَا فَاعْبُدُوْنِ۝

“We never sent a messenger before you without inspiring him that: There is no god but I, so worship Me.” (21:25)

قُلْ یٰۤاَیُّهَا النَّاسُ اِنَّمَاۤ اَنَا لَکُمْ نَذِیْرٌ مُّبِیْنٌ ۝ فَالَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا وَعَمِلُوا الصّٰلِحٰتِ لَهُمْ مَّغْفِرَۃٌ وَ رِزْقٌ كَرِیْمٌ ۝ وَالَّذِیْنَ سَعَوْا فِیْۤ اٰیٰتِنَا مُعٰجِزِیْنَ اُولٰٓئِكَ اَصْحٰبُ الْجَحِیْمِ۝

“(O Prophet) Say, ‘O people, I am only a plain warner to you.’ Those who believe and work righteousness – for them is forgiveness and a generous provision. But those who strive against Our revelations – these are the inmates of Hell.” (22:49 – 51)

فَـَٔامِنُوْا بِاللهِ وَرَسُوْلِه وَالنُّوْرِ الَّذِىۤ اَنْزَلْنَا وَاللهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُوْنَ خَبِيْرٌ۝

“So, believe in Allah and His Messenger, and the Light (Qur’an) which We sent down. Allah is Aware of everything you do.” (64:8)

قُلْ يٰۤاَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اِنِّىْ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ الَيْكُمْ جَمِيْعًا الَّذِىْ لَه مُلْكُ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضِ لَاۤ اِلٰهَ اِلَّا هُوَ يُحْى وَيُمِيْتُ فَـَٔامِنُوْا بِاللهِ وَرَسُوْلِهِ النَّبِىِّ الْاُمِّىِّ الَّذِىْ يُؤْمِنْ بِاللهِ وَكَلِمٰتِه وَاتَّبِعُوْهُ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَهْتَدُوْنَ۝

“(O Prophet) Say, ‘O mankind, I am the Messenger of Allah to you all – He to whom belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth. There is no god but He. He gives life and causes death.’ So, believe in Allah and His Messenger, the unlettered Prophet, who believes in Allah and His words. And follow him, that you may be guided.” (7:158)

قُلْ اِنِّیْ  لَنْ یُّجِیْرَنِیْ مِنَ اللّٰهِ اَحَدٌ ۬ۙ وَلَنْ اَجِدَ مِنْ دُوْنِہٖ  مُلْتَحَدًا ۝ اِلَّا بَلٰغًا مِّنَ اللّٰهِ وَرِسٰلٰتِہٖ ؕ وَمَنْ یَّعْصِ اللّٰهَ وَ رَسُوْلَہٗ فَاِنَّ لَہٗ نَارَ جَهَنَّمَ خٰلِدِیْنَ فِیْهَاۤ  اَبَدًا ۝ حَتّٰۤی اِذَا رَاَوْا مَا یُوْعَدُوْنَ فَسَیَعْلَمُوْنَ مَنْ اَضْعَفُ نَاصِرًا وَاَقَلُّ عَدَدًا۝ قُلْ اِنْ اَدْرِیْۤ اَقَرِیْبٌ مَّا تُوْعَدُوْنَ اَمْ یَجْعَلُ لَہٗ رَبِّیْۤ  اَمَدًا۝

“Say (O Prophet): ‘No one can protect me from Allah (If I were to disobey Him), nor should I find refuge except in Him, Unless I proclaim what I receive from Allah and His Messages: for those who disobey Allah and His Messenger, for them is Hell: they shall dwell therein for ever.’ Until they see (with their own eyes) that which they are promised, then will they know that whose helper is the weakest and smallest in numbers. Say: ‘I don’t know whether the (Punishment) which you are promised is imminent, or whether my Lord will appoint for it a distant term.” (72:22 – 25)

رَّسُوْلًا يَتْلُوْا عَلَيْكُمْ اٰيٰتِ اللهِ مُبَيِّنٰتٍ لِّيْخْرِجَ الَّذِيْنَ اٰمَنُوْا وَعَمِلُوْا الصّٰلِحٰتِ مِنَ الظُّلُمٰتِ اِلَى النُّوْرِ وَمَنْ يُّؤْمِنْۢ بِاللهِ وَيَعْمَلْ صٰلِحًا يُّدْخِلْهُ جَنّٰتٍ تَجْرِىْ مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْاَنْهٰرُ خٰلِدِيْنَ فِيْهَاۤ اَبَدًا قَدْ اَحْسَنَ اللهُ لَه رِزْقًا۝

“A messenger who recites to you Allah’s Verses, clear and distinct, that he may bring those who believe and work righteousness from darkness into light. Whoever believes in Allah and acts with integrity, He will admit him into gardens beneath which rivers flow, therein to abide forever. Allah has given him an excellent provision.” (65:11)

ذٰلِكَ الَّذِیْ یُبَشِّرُ اللّٰهُ عِبَادَهُ الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا وَعَمِلُوا الصّٰلِحٰتِ ؕ  قُلْ لَّاۤ اَسْـَٔلُکُمْ عَلَیْهِ اَجْرًا اِلَّا الْمَوَدَّۃَ فِی الْقُرْبٰی ؕ   وَمَنْ یَّقْتَرِفْ حَسَنَۃً نَّزِدْ لَہٗ فِیْهَا حُسْنًا ؕ   اِنَّ اللّٰهَ غَفُوْرٌ شَکُوْرٌ ۝

“That is the good news Allah gives to His servants who believe and do good deeds. Say (O Muhammad ﷺ), ‘I ask of you no wage for it, except only the cordiality as near kin.’ Whoever does a good deed, We will increase its goodness for him. Allah is Forgiving and Appreciative.” (42:23)

لٰكِنِ اللّٰهُ یَشْهَدُ بِمَاۤ اَنْزَلَ اِلَیْكَ اَنْزَلَہٗ بِعِلْمِہٖ ۚ   وَالْمَلٰٓئِكَۃُ یَشْهَدُوْنَ ؕ   وَكَفٰی بِاللّٰهِ شَهِیْدًا۝

“But Allah bears witness to what He revealed to you. He revealed it with His knowledge. And the angels bear witness. Though Allah is a sufficient witness.” (4:166)

قُلْ اَىُّ شَىْءٍاَكْبَرُ شَهٰدَةً قُلِ اللهُ شَهِيْدٌۢ بَيْنِىْ وَبَيْنَكُمْ وَاُوْحِىَ اِلَىَّ هٰذَا الْقُرْاٰنُ لِاُنْذِرَكُمْ بِهوَمَنْ ۢ بَلَغَ اَئِنَّكُمْ لَتَشْهَدُوْنَ اَنَّ مَعَ اللهِ اٰلِهَةً اُخْرٰى قُلْ لَّاۤ اَشْهَدُ ج قُلْ اِنَّمَا هُوَ اِلٰهٌ وَّاحِدٌ وَاِنَّنِىْ بَرىْٓءٌ مِّمَّا تُشْرِكُوْنَ۝

“(O Prophet) Say, ‘What thing is more solemn in testimony?’ Say, ‘Allah is Witness between you and me. This Qur’an was revealed to me, so that I may warn you with it, and whomever it may reach. Do you indeed testify that there are other gods with Allah?’ Say, ‘I myself do not testify.’ Say, ‘He is but One God, and I am indeed innocent of your idolatry’.” (6:19)

فَتَعٰلَى اللهُ الْمَلِكُ الْحَقُّ ^ج وَلَا تَعْجَلْ بِالْقُرْاٰنِ مِنْ قَبْلِ اَن يُقْضٰىۤ اِلَيْكَ وَحْيُه ^ز وَقُل رَّبِّ زِدْنِى عِلْمًا۝

“High above all is Allah, the King, the Truth! Be not hasty with the Qur’an before its Revelation is completed to you, but say, ‘O my Lord! advance me in knowledge’.” (20:114)

قُلْ لَّاۤ اَقُوْلُ لَکُمْ عِنْدِیْ خَزَآئِنُ اللّٰهِ وَلَاۤ اَعْلَمُ الْغَیْبَ وَلَاۤ اَقُوْلُ لَکُمْ اِنِّیْ مَلَکٌ ۚ  اِنْ اَتَّبِعُ اِلَّا مَا یُوْحٰۤی اِلَیَّ ؕ قُلْ هَلْ یَسْتَوِی الْاَعْمٰی وَالْبَصِیْرُ ؕ اَفَلَا تَتَفَكَرُوْنَ۝

“(O Prophet) Say, ‘I do not say to you that I possess the treasuries of Allah, nor do I know the future, nor do I say to you that I am an angel. I only follow what is inspired to me.’ Say, ‘Are the blind and the seeing alike? Do you not think’?” (6:50)

مَنْ يُّطِعِ الرَّسُوْلَ فَقَدْ اَطَاعَ اللهَ وَمَنْ تَوَلّٰى فَمَاۤ اَرْسَلْنٰكَ عَلَيْهِمْ حَفِيْظًا۝

“Whoever obeys the Messenger is obeying Allah. And whoever turns away – We did not send you as a watcher over them.” (4:80)

قُلْ اِنَّنِىْ هَدٰىنِىْ رَبِّىۤ اِلٰى صِرٰطٍ مُّسْتَقِيْمٍ دِيْنًا قِيْمًا مِّلَّةَ اِبْرٰهِيْمَ حَنِيْفًا وَّمَا كَانَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِيْنَ۝  قُلْ اِنَّ صَلَاتِىْ وَنُسُكِىْ وَمَحْيَاىَ وَمَمَاتِىْ لِلّٰهِ رَبِّ الْعٰلَمِيْنَ۝ لَا شَرِيْكَ لَه وَبِذٰلِكَ اُمِرْتُ وَاَنَا اَوَّلُ الْمُسْلِمِيْنَ۝

“Say (O Prophet), ‘My Lord has guided me to a straight path, an upright religion, the creed of Ibrahim the Monotheist, who was not a polytheist.’ Say, ‘My prayer and my worship, and my life and my death, are devoted to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds. He has no partner. Thus, I am commanded, and I am the first of those who submit (Muslim)’.” (6:161 – 163)

اُولٰٓئِكَ الَّذِیْنَ اٰتَیْنٰهُمُ الْكِتٰبَ وَ الْحُکْمَ وَ النُّبُوَّۃَ ۚ فَاِنْ یَّکْفُرْ بِهَا هٰۤؤُلَآءِ  فَقَدْ وَكَلْنَا بِهَا قَوْمًا لَّیْسُوْا بِهَا بِکٰفِرِیْنَ ۝ اُولٰٓئِكَ الَّذِیْنَ هَدَی اللّٰهُ  فَبِهُدٰىهُمُ اقْتَدِہْ ؕ قُلْ  لَّاۤ  اَسْـَٔلُکُمْ عَلَیْهِ  اَجْرًا ؕ اِنْ  هُوَ   اِلَّا  ذِکْرٰی لِلْعٰلَمِیْنَ ۝

“Those are they to whom We gave the Book, and wisdom, and prophethood. If these (descendants of previous prophets) disbelieve therein, then indeed We will entrust it to other (community) who will not reject it. Those are they whom Allah has guided, so follow their guidance. Say, ‘I ask of you no payment for it; it is just a reminder for the all mankind’.” (6:89 – 90)

اَلَيْسَ اللهُ بِكَافٍ عَبْدَه وَيُخَوِّفُوْنَكَ بِالَّذِيْنَ مِنْ دُوْنِه وَمَنْ يُّضْلِلِ اللهُ فَمَا لَه مِنْ هَادٍ۝ وَّمَنْ يَّهْدِ اللهُ فَمَا لَه مِنْ مُّضِلٍّ اَلَيْسَ اللهُ بِعَزِيْزٍ ذِى انْتِقَامٍ۝

“Is Allah not enough for His servant (Muhammad (ﷺ)? And they frighten you with those besides Him. Whomever Allah sends astray, for him there is no guide. And whomever Allah guides, for him there is none to mislead. Is Allah not Powerful and Vengeful?” (39:36 – 37)

قُلْ یٰۤاَهْلَ الْكِتٰبِ تَعَالَوْا اِلٰی كَلِمَۃٍ سَوَآءٍۢ بَیْنَنَا وَبَیْنَکُمْ اَلَّا نَعْبُدَ اِلَّا اللّٰهَ وَلَا نُشْرِكَ بِہٖ شَیْئًا وَلَا یَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُنَا بَعْضًا اَرْبَابًا مِّنْ دُوْنِ اللّٰهِ ؕ فَاِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَقُوْلُوا اشْهَدُوْا بِاَنَّا مُسْلِمُوْنَ۝

“Say (O Prophet), ‘O People of the Book, come to a term that is just common between us and you: that we worship none but Allah, and that we associate nothing with Him, and that none of us takes others as lords besides Him.’ And if they turn away, say, ‘Bear witness that we have surrendered (to Allah’s command)’.” (3:64)

قُلْ اِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ رَبِّیَ الْفَوَاحِشَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا وَ مَا بَطَنَ وَالْاِثْمَ وَالْبَغْیَ بِغَیْرِ الْحَقِّ وَاَنْ تُشْرِکُوْا بِاللّٰهِ مَا لَمْ یُنَزِّلْ بِہٖ سُلْطٰنًا وَاَنْ تَقُوْلُوْا عَلَی اللّٰهِ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُوْنَ۝

“Say (O Prophet), ‘My Lord has forbidden immoralities – both open and secret – and sin, and unjustified aggression, and that you associate with Allah anything for which He revealed no sanction, and that you say about Allah what you do not know’.” (7:33)

قُلْ لَاۤ اَمْلِكُ لِنَفْسِىْ نَفْعًا وَّلَا ضَرًّا اِلَّا مَا شَآءَ اللهُ وَلَوْ كُنْتُ اَعْلَمُ الْغَيْبَ لَاسْتَكْثَرْتُ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ وَمَا مَسَّنِىَ السُّوْٓءُ اِنْ اَنَا اِلَّا نَذِيْرٌ وَبَشِيْرٌ لِّقَوْمٍ يُؤْمِنُوْنَ۝

“Say (O Prophet), ‘I have no control over any benefit or harm to myself, except as Allah wills. Had I known the unseen, I would have acquired much good, and no harm would have touched me. I am only a warner, and a herald of good news to a people who believe’.” (7:188)

وَكُلًّا نَّقُصُّ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ اَنْۢبَآءِ الرُّسُلِ مَا نُثَبِّتُ بِه فُؤَادَكَ وَجَآءَكَ فِىْ هٰذِهِ الْحَقُّ وَمَوْعِظَةٌ وَذِكْرٰى لِلْمُؤْمِنِيْنَ۝ وَقُل لِّلَّذِيْنَ لَا يُؤْمِنُوْنَ اعْمَلُوْا عَلٰى مَكَانَتِكُمْ اِنَّا عٰمِلُوْنَ۝ وَانْتَظِرُوْٓا اِنَّا مُنْتَظِرُوْنَ۝

“Everything We narrate to you of the history of the messengers is to strengthen your heart therewith. The truth has come to you in this, and a lesson, and a reminder for the believers. And say to those who do not believe, ‘Act according to your ability; and so will we. And wait; we too are waiting’.” (11:120 – 122)

كَذٰلِكَ اَرْسَلْنٰكَ فِىۤ اُمَّةٍ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهَاۤ اُمَمٌ لِّتَتْلُوْا عَلَيْهِمُ الَّذِىۤ اَوْحَيْنَاۤ اِلَيْكَ وَهُمْ يَكْفُرُوْنَ بِالرَّحْمٰنِ قُلْ هُوَ رَبِّى لَاۤ اِلٰهَ اِلَّا هُوَ عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَاِلَيْهِ مَتَابِ ۝

“Thus, We sent you among a community before which many other communities have passed away, that you may recite to them what We revealed to you. Yet they deny the Benevolent One. Say, ‘He is my Lord; there is no god but He; in Him I trust, and to Him is my return’.” (13:30)

قُلْ اِنَّمَا اَدْعُوْا رَبِّىْ وَلَاۤ اُشْرِكُ بِه اَحَدًا۝ قُلْ اِنِّى لَاۤ اَمْلِكُ لَكُمْ ضَرًّا وَّلَا رَشَدًا۝ قُلْ اِنِّىْ لَنْ يُجِيْرَنِىْ مِنَ اللهِ اَحَدٌ وَلَنْ اَجِدَ مِنْ دُوْنِه مُلْتَحَدًا۝ اِلَّا بَلٰغًا مِّنَ اللهِ وَرِسٰلٰتِه وَمَنْ يَّعْصِ اللهَ وَرَسُوْلَه فَاِنَّ لَه نَارَ جَهَنَّمَ خٰلِدِيْنَ فِيْهَاۤ اَبَدًا۝

“Say, ‘I pray only to my Lord, and I never associate anyone with Him.’ Say, ‘It is not in my power to harm you, nor to bring you to right conduct.’ Say, ‘No doubt none can ever protect me from Allah, and I will not find any refuge besides Him. Except for conveying (messages) from Allah and fulfilling His messages (thereafter). He who defies Allah and His Messenger – for him is the Fire of Hell, in which they will dwell forever’.” (72:20 – 23)

قُلْ اِنَّمَاۤ اَنَا۠ بَشَرٌ مِّثْلُكُمْ يُوْحٰىۤ اِلَىَّ اَنَّمَاۤ اِلٰهُكُمْ اِلٰهٌ وَّاحِدٌ فَمَنْ كَانَ يَرْجُوْا لِقَآءَ رَبِّه فَلْيَعْمَلْ عَمَلًا صٰلِحًا وَّلَا يُشْرِكْ بِعِبَادَةِ رَبِه اَحَدًا۝

“Say (O Prophet), ‘I am only a human being like you, ‘wahi’ (revelations) comes to me that your God is One God. Whoever hopes to meet his Lord, let him work righteousness, and never associate anyone with the worship of his Lord.” (18:110)

وَالَّذِيْنَ اٰمَنُوْا وَعَمِلُوْا الصّٰلِحٰتِ وَاٰمَنُوْا بِمَا نُزِّلَ عَلٰى مُحَمَّدٍ وَّهُوَ الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَّبِّهِمْ ^لا كَفَّرَ عَنْهُمْ سَيِّـَٔاتِهِمْ وَاَصْلَحَ بَالَهُمْ۝

“While those who believe, and do righteous deeds, and believe in what was sent down to Muhammad – and which is the truth from their Lord – He remits their sins, and relieves their concerns.” (47:2)

….. تِلْكَ اٰیٰتُ الْكِتٰبِ الْمُبِیْنِ ۝ لَعَلَّكَ بَاخِعٌ نَّفْسَكَ اَلَّا یَکُوْنُوْا مُؤْمِنِیْنَ ۝ اِنْ نَّشَاْ نُنَزِّلْ عَلَیْهِمْ مِّنَ السَّمَآءِ اٰیَۃً فَظَلَّتْ اَعْنَاقُهُمْ لَهَا خٰضِعِیْنَ ۝ وَمَا یَاْتِیْهِمْ مِّنْ ذِکْرٍ مِّنَ الرَّحْمٰنِ مُحْدَثٍ اِلَّا كَانُوْا عَنْهُ مُعْرِضِیْنَ ۝ فَقَدْ كَذَّبُوْا فَسَیَاْتِیْهِمْ اَنْۢبٰٓؤُا مَا كَانُوْا بِہٖ یَسْتَہْزِءُوْنَ ۝ اَوَ لَمْ یَرَوْا اِلَی الْاَرْضِ كَمْ اَنْۢبَتْنَا فِیْهَا مِنْ کُلِّ زَوْجٍ  كَرِیْمٍ ۝ اِنَّ فِیْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰیَۃً ؕ وَمَا كَانَ اَکْثَرُ هُمْ مُّؤْمِنِیْنَ ۝ وَ اِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ الْعَزِیْزُ الرَّحِیْمُ

“…… These are the Verses of the Clear Book. Perhaps you will destroy yourself with grief, because they do not become believers. If We will, We can send down upon them a sign from heaven, at which they will bend down in humility. Whenever a fresh reminder comes to them from the Most Merciful, they turn their backs at it. They have denied the truth, but soon will come to them the news of what they ridiculed. Have they not seen the earth, and how many beautiful pairs We produced therein? Surely in this there is a sign, but most of them are not believers. Surely, your Lord is the Almighty, the Merciful.” (26:1 – 9)

فَاَقِمْ وَجْهَكَ لِلدِّيْنِ حَنِيْفًا فِطْرَتَ اللهِ الَّتِىْ فَطَرَ النَّاسَ عَلَيْهَا لَا تَبْدِيْلَ لِخَلْقِ اللهِ ذٰلِكَ الدِّيْنُ الْقَيِّمُ وَلٰكِنَّ اَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُوْنَ۝ مُنِيْبِيْنَ اِلَيْهِ وَاتَّقُوْهُ وَاَقِيْمُوْا الصَّلَوٰةَ وَلَا تَكُوْنُوْا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِيْنَ۝ مِنَ الَّذِيْنَ فَرَّقُوْا دِيْنَهُمْ وَكَانُوْا شِيْعًا كُلُّ حِزْبٍۭ بِمَا لَدَيْهِمْ فَرِحُوْنَ۝

“So, devote yourself only to this religion of ‘Haneef’ (the pure one) – the natural instinct from Allah that He has instilled in mankind (towards Islam). There can be no alteration in Allah’s creation (the natural inclination towards Islam). This is the true religion, but most people do not know. (All of you) Turn towards Him – and be conscious of Him, and perform the prayer, and do not be of the idolaters. Of those who divided their religion, and became sects; each faction is pleased with what they have.” (30:30 – 32)

قُلْ اِنَّمَآ اَعِظُكُمْ بِوَاحِدَةٍ اَنْ تَقُوْمُوْا للهِ مَثْنٰى وَفُرٰدٰى ثُمَّ تَتَفَكَّرُوْا مَا بِصَاحِبِكُمْ مِّنْ جِنَّةٍ اِنْ هُوَ الَّا نَذِيْرٌ لَّكُمْ بَيْنَ يَدَىْ عَذَابٍ شَدِيْدٍ۝ قُلْ مَا سَاَلْتُكُمْ مِّنْ اَجْرٍ فَهُوْ لَكُمْ اِنْ اَجْرِىَ اِلَّا عَلَى اللهِ وَهُوْ عَلٰى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ شَهِيْدٌ۝ قُلْ اِنَّ رَبِّى يَقْذِفُ بِالْحَقِّ عَلّٰمُ الْغُيُوْبِ۝ قُلْ جَآءَ الْحَقُّ وَمَا يُبْدِئُ الْبٰطِلُ وَمَا يُعِيْدُ۝ قُلْ اِنْ ضَلَلْتُ فَاِنَّمَاۤ اَضِلُّ عَلٰى نَفْسِىْ وَاِنِ اهْتَدَيْتُ فَبِمَا يُوْحِىۤ اِلَىَّ رَبِّىۤ اِنَّه سَمِيْعٌ قَرِيْبٌ۝

“Say, ‘I offer you a single advice: devote yourselves to Allah, in pairs, or individually; and reflect. There is no madness in your friend. He is just a warner to you, before the advent of a severe punishment.’ Say, ‘I ask no recompense from you, rather keep it with you. My reward comes only from Allah, and He is Witness over all things.’ Say, ‘My Lord revealed the truth. He is the Knower of the Unseen.’ Say, ‘The Truth has come; while falsehood can neither originate, nor regenerate.’ Say, ‘If I err, I err only to my own loss; but if I am rightly guided, it is by what my Lord inspires me. He is Hearing and Near’.” (34:46 – 50)

اِنْ اَنْتَ اِلَّا نَذِيْرٌ۝ اِنَّاۤ اَرْسَلْنٰكَ بِالْحَقِّ بَشِيْرًا وَنَذِيْرًا وَّاِنْ مِّنْ اُمَّةٍ اِلَّا خَلَا فِيْهَا نَذِيْرٌ۝

“You are but a warner. Indeed, We sent you with the truth; a bearer of good news, and a warner. There is no nation but a warner has passed through them.” (35:23 – 24)

وَاِذْ قَالَ عِيْسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ يٰبَنِىۤ اِسْرٰٓءِيْلَ اِنِّىْ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ الَيْكُمْ مُّصَدِّقًا لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَىَّ مِنَ التَّوْرٰىةِ وَمُبَشِّرًۢا بِرَسُوْلٍ يَاْتِىْ مِنْۢ بَعْدِى اسْمُه اَحْمَدُ ^ط فَلَمَّا جَآءَهُمْ بِالْبَيِّنٰتِ قَالُوْا هٰذَا سِحْرٌ مُّبِيْنٌ۝

“And when Isa son of Maryam said, ‘O Children of Israel, indeed I am Allah’s Messenger to you, confirming what preceded me of the Tourat, and announcing good news of a messenger who will come after me, whose name is Ahmad.’ But when he came to them with clear signs, they said, ‘This is obvious magic’.” (61:6)

هُوَ الَّذِیْ بَعَثَ فِی الْاُمِّیّٖنَ رَسُوْلًا مِّنْهُمْ یَتْلُوْا عَلَیْهِمْ اٰیٰتِہٖ وَ یُزَكِیْهِمْ وَ یُعَلِّمُهُمُ الْكِتٰبَ وَ الْحِکْمَۃَ ^ق وَ اِنْ كَانُوْا مِنْ قَبْلُ لَفِیْ ضَلٰلٍ مُّبِیْنٍ ۝ وَاٰخَرِیْنَ مِنْهُمْ لَمَّا یَلْحَقُوْا بِهِمْ ؕ  وَهُوَ الْعَزِیْزُ الْحَكِیْمُ ۝

“It is He Who has sent among the unlettered people an apostle from themselves, to recite to them His verses, to purify them, and to teach them Scripture and Wisdom, although before, they had been in manifest error; As well as (to confer all these benefits upon) other people of them, who have not yet joined them: And He is exalted in Might, Wise.” (62:2 – 3)

اَعْمَلُ وَاَنَابَرِىٓءٌ مِّمَّا تَعْمَلُوْنَ ۝ وَمِنْهُمْ مَّنْ يَسْتَمِعُوْنَ اِلَيْكَ _ط اَفَاَنْتَ تُسْمِعُ الصُّمَّ وَلَوْ كَانُوْا لَا  يَعْقِلُوْنَ ۝ وَمِنْهُمْ مَّنْ يَّنْظُرُ اِلَيْكَ _ط اَفَاَنْتَ تَهْدِى الْعُمْىَ وَلَوْ كَانُوْا لَا يُبْصِرُوْنَ ۝ اِنَّ اللهَ لَا يَظْلِمُ  النَّاسَ شَيْـًٔا وَّلٰكِنَّ النَّاسَ اَنْفُسَهُمْ يَظْلِمُوْنَ ۝

“Of them there are some who believe therein (Qur’an), and some who do not: and your Lord knows best those who are evil-doers. If they reject you, say: ‘My work to me, and yours to you! you are free from responsibility for what I do, and I for what you do.’ Among them are some who (pretend to) listen to you: But can you make the deaf to hear, even though they are without understanding? And among them are some who look at you: but can you guide the blind, although they do not see at all? Verily Allah will not deal unjustly with people in aught: it is people that wrong their own souls.” (10:40 – 44)

وَ مَا لَکُمْ لَا تُؤْمِنُوْنَ بِاللّٰهِ ۚ وَالرَّسُوْلُ یَدْعُوْکُمْ لِتُؤْمِنُوْا بِرَبِّکُمْ وَقَدْ اَخَذَ مِیْثَاقَکُمْ اِنْ کُنْتُمْ مُّؤْمِنِیْنَ ۝ هُوَ الَّذِیْ یُنَزِّلُ عَلٰی عَبْدِہٖۤ اٰیٰتٍۭ بَیِّنٰتٍ لِّیُخْرِجَکُمْ مِّنَ الظُّلُمٰتِ اِلَی النُّوْرِ ؕ  وَاِنَّ اللّٰهَ بِکُمْ لَرَءُوْفٌ رَّحِیْمٌ۝

“What is the matter with you that you do not believe in Allah, when the Messenger calls you to believe in your Lord, and He has received a pledge from you, if you are believers? It is He who sends down upon His servant clear revelations, to bring you out of darkness into the light. Allah is Gentle towards you, Most Compassionate.” (57:8 – 9)

وَمَا مُحَمَّدٌ اِلَّا رَسُوْلٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ اَفَائِنْ مَّاتَ اَوْ قُتِلَ اِنْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلٰۤى اَعْقٰبِكُمْ وَمَنْ يَّنْقَلِبْ عَلٰى عَقِبَيْهِ فَلَنْ يَّضُرَّ اللهَ شَيْـًٔا وَّسَيَجْزِى اللهُ الشّٰكِرِيْنَ۝

“Muhammad is no more than a messenger. Messengers have passed on before him. If he dies or gets killed, will you turn on your heels? He who turns on his heels will not harm Allah in any way. And Allah will reward the appreciative.” (3:144)

وَمَاۤ اَكْثَرُ النَّاسِ وَلَوْ حَرَصْتَ بِمُؤْمِنِيْنَ۝ وَمَا تَسْـَٔلُهُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ اَجْرٍ اِنْ هُوَ الَّا ذِكْرٌ لِّلْعٰلَمِيْنَ۝

“But most people will not believe even though you want them to be (rightly guided). You ask them no remuneration for it. It is only a reminder for all mankind.” (12:103 – 104)

اِنَّمَاۤ اُمِرْتُ اَنْ اَعْبُدَ رَبَّ هٰذِهِ الْبَلْدَةِ الَّذِىْ حَرَّمَهَا وَلَه كُلُّ شَىْءٍ وَاُمِرْتُ اَنْ اَكُوْنَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِيْنَ۝ وَاَنْ اَتْلُوَا الْقُرْاٰنَ فَمَنِ اهْتَدٰى فَاِنَّمَا يَهْتَدِىْ لِنَفْسِه وَمَنْ ضَلَّ فَقُلْ اِنَّمَاۤ اَنَا۠ مِنَ الْمُنْذِرِيْنَ۝

“(O Prophet, say) I was commanded to worship the Lord of this town (Makkah), who has sanctified it, and to Whom everything belongs; and I was commanded to be of those who submit. And to recite the Qur’an.” Whoever is rightly guided – is guided to his own advantage. And whoever goes astray, then say, ‘indeed I am one of the warmers’.” (27:91 – 92)

يٰۤاَيُّهَا النَّبِىُّ اِذَا جَآءَكَ الْمُؤْمِنٰتُ يُبَايِعْنَكَ عَلٰى اَنْ لَّا يُشْرِكْنَ بِاللهِ شَيْـًٔا وَلَا يَسْرِقْنَ وَلَا يَزْنِيْنَ وَلَا يَقْتُلْنَ اَوْلٰدَهُنَّ وَلَا يَاْتِيْنَ بِبُهْتٰنٍ يَّفْتَرِيْنَه بَيْنَ اَيْدِيْهِنَّ وَاَرْجُلِهِنَّ وَلَا يَعْصِيْنَكَ فِى مَعْرُوْفٍ ^لا فَبَايِعْهُنَّ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُنَّ اللهَ اِنَّ اللهَ غَفُوْرٌ رَّحِيْمٌ۝

“O Prophet! If believing women come to you, pledging allegiance to you, on condition that they will not associate anything with Allah, nor steal, nor commit adultery, nor kill their children, nor commit perjury as to parenthood, nor disobey you in anything righteous, accept their allegiance and ask Allah’s forgiveness for them. Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.” (60:12)

وَالنَّجْمِ اِذَا هَوٰى ۝ مَا ضَلَّ صَاحِبُكُمْ وَمَا غَوٰى ۝ وَمَا يَنْطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوٰىٓ ۝ اِنْ هُوَ الَّا وَحْىٌ يُوْحٰى ۝ عَلَّمَه شَدِيْدُ الْقُوٰى ۝ ذُوْ مِرَّةٍ فَاسْتَوٰى ۝ وَهُوَ بِالْاُفُقِ الْاَعْلٰى ۝ ثُمَّ دَنَا فَتَدَلّٰى۝ فَكَانَ قَابَ قَوْسَيْنِ اَوْ اَدْنٰى ۝ فَاَوْحٰۤى اِلٰى عَبْدِه مَاۤ اَوْحٰى ۝

“By the star when it sets. Your friend has not gone astray, nor has he lost his path. Nor does he speak out of own desire. It (Qur’an) is but a revelation revealed to him. Taught to him by the Extremely Powerful (Angel). The one of vigor. He exposed in his original form, while he was at the highest horizon. Then he came near, and hovered around. He was within two bows’ length, or closer. Then He sent that revelation to His servant which He revealed. (53:1 – 10)

Allah’s (SWT) Advice to Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ)

وَاَنْذِرْ بِهِ الَّذِيْنَ يَخَافُوْنَ اَنْ يُّحْشَرُوْٓا اِلٰى رَبِّهِمْ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ مِّن دُوْنِه وَلِىٌّ وَّلَا شَفِيْعٌ لَّعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُوْنَ۝ وَلَا تَطْرُدِ الَّذِيْنَ يَدْعُوْنَ رَبَّهُمْ بِالْغَدَوٰةِ وَالْعَشِىِّ يُرِيْدُوْنَ وَجْهَه مَا عَلَيْكَ مِنْ حِسَابِهِمْ مِّنْ شَىْءٍ وَمَا مِنْ حِسَابِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِّن شَىْءٍ فَتَطْرُدَهُمْ فَتَكُوْنَ مِنَ الظّٰلِمِيْنَ۝

“(O Prophet) warn with it (Qur’an) those who fear to be gathered before their Lord without any protector or intercessor apart from Him – so that they may attain piety. And do not drive away those who call upon their Lord, morning and evening, seeking His pleasure. You are not at all accountable for them, nor are they accountable for you in any way. If you drive them away, you would be one of the unjust.” (6:51 – 52)

وَ اتْلُ مَاۤ اُوْحِیَ اِلَیْكَ مِنْ كِتَابِ رَبِّكَ ۚؕ لَا مُبَدِّلَ لِكَلِمٰتِہٖ ۚ وَلَنْ تَجِدَ مِنْ دُوْنِہٖ مُلْتَحَدًا۝ وَاصْبِرْ نَفْسَكَ مَعَ الَّذِیْنَ یَدْعُوْنَ رَبَّهُمْ بِالْغَدٰوۃِ وَالْعَشِیِّ یُرِیْدُوْنَ وَجْهَہٗ وَلَا تَعْدُ عَیْنٰكَ عَنْهُمْ ۚ تُرِیْدُ زِیْنَۃَ الْحَیٰوۃِ الدُّنْیَا ۚ وَلَا تُطِعْ مَنْ اَغْفَلْنَا قَلْبَہٗ عَنْ ذِکْرِنَا وَاتَّبَعَ هَوٰىهُ وَكَانَ اَمْرُہٗ  فُرُطًا ۝ وَقُلِ الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَّبِّکُمْ  فَمَنْ شَآءَ فَلْیُؤْمِنْ وَمَنْ شَآءَ فَلْیَکْفُرْ

“And recite what was revealed to you from the Book of your Lord. There is none to change His words, and you will find no refuge except in Him. And keep yourself in the company of those who pray to their Lord morning and evening, desiring His pleasure. And do not turn your eyes away from them, wishing the adornment of this world. And do not obey him whose heart We have made heedless of Our remembrance – so he follows his own desires – and whose affair is audacious. And say, ‘The truth is from your Lord. Whoever wills—let him believe. And whoever wills—let disbelieve’.” ….. (18:27 – 29)

يٰۤاَيُّهَا النَّبِىُّ اتَّقِ اللهَ وَلَا تُطِعِ الْكٰفِرِيْنَ وَالْمُنٰفِقِيْنَ _ط اِنَّ اللهَ كَانَ عَلِيْمًا حَكِيْمًا۝ وَاتَّبِعْ مَا يُوْحٰۤى اِلَيْكَ مِنْ رَّبِّكَ اِنَّ اللهَ كَانَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُوْنَ خَبِيْرًا۝

“O Prophet! Fear Allah, and do not obey the unbelievers and the hypocrites. Undoubtedly Allah is All-Knowing and Wise. And follow what is revealed to you from your Lord.” (33:1 – 2)

لَا تَمُدَّنَّ عَيْنَيْكَ اِلٰى مَا مَتَّعْنَا بِه اَزْوٰجًا مِّنْهُمْ وَّلَا تَحْزَنْ عَلَيْهِمْ وَاخْفِضْ جَنَاحَكَ لِلْمُؤْمِنِيْنَ۝

“Do not rise your eyes towards what We have bestowed on some groups of them (nonbelievers) to enjoy, and do not grieve over them, and lower your wing to the believers.” (15:88)

فَاصْبِرْ اِنَّ وَعْدَ اللهِ حَقٌّ فَاِمَّا نُرِيْنَّكَ بَعْضَ الَّذِىْ نَعِدُهُمْ اَوْ نَتَوَفَّيَنَّكَ فَاِلَيْنَا يُرْجَعُوْنَ۝ وَلَقَدْ اَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلًا مِّنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْهُمْ مَّنْ قَصَصْنَا عَلَيْكَ وَمِنْهُمْ مَّنْ لَّمْ نَقْصُصْ عَلَيْكَ ۗ  وَمَا كَانَ لِرَسُوْلٍ اَنْ يَّاْتِىَ بِـَٔايَةٍ اِلَّا بِاِذْنِ اللهِ فَاِذَا جَآءَ اَمْرُ اللهِ قُضِىَ بِالْحَقِّ وَخَسِرَ هُنَالِكَ الْمُبْطِلُوْنَ۝

“So be patient. The promise of Allah is true. Whether We show you some of what We have promised them in this life, or take your soul to Us, no matter they will have to be returned to Us. We sent messengers before you. Some of them We told you about, and some We did not tell you about. No messenger can bring a miracle except by leave of Allah. Then, when the command of Allah is issued, fair Judgement will be passed, and instantly the arrogant will lose.” (40:77 – 78)

يٰۤاَيُّهَا الْمُزَّمِّلُ۝ قُمِ الَّيْلَ اِلَّا قَلِيْلًا۝ نِّصْفَه اَوِ انْقُصْ مِنْهُ قَلِيْلًا۝ اَوْ زِدْ عَلَيْهِ وَرَتِّلِ الْقُرْاٰنَ تَرْتِيْلًا۝ اِنَّا سَنُلْقِىْ عَلَيْكَ قَوْلًا ثَقِيْلًا۝ اِنَّ نَاشِئَةَ الَّيْلِ هِىَ اَشَدُّ وَطْـًٔا وَّاَقْوَمُ قِيْلًا۝ اِنَّ لَكَ فِى النَّهَارِ سَبْحًا طَوِيْلًا۝ وَاذْكُرِ اسْمَ رَبِّكَ وَتَبَتَّلْ اِلَيْهِ تَبْتِيْلًا۝ رَّبُّ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ لَاۤ اِلٰهَ اِلَّا هُوَ فَاتَّخِذْهُ وَكِيْلًا۝

“O you wrapped in cloth! Stand (to prayer) by night, except for some part, – Half of it, or a little less, or a little more; and recite the Qur’an in slow, measured rhythmic tones. Soon shall We send down to you a weighty Message. Really the wake up at night is most potent for controlling (soul), and most suitable for (pronouncing) the Word (of Prayer and Praise) clearly. Certainly, you have prolonged activities by day: But keep in remembrance the name of your Lord and devote yourself to Him wholeheartedly. Lord of the East and the West: there is no god but He: take Him therefore for Disposer of Affairs.” (73:1 – 9)

يٰۤاَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ۝ قُمْ فَاَنْذِرْ۝ وَرَبَّكَ فَكَبِّرْ۝ وَثِيَابَكَ فَطَهِّرْ۝ وَالرُّجْزَ فَاهْجُرْ۝ وَلَا تَمْنُنْ تَسْتَكْثِرُ۝ وَلِرَبِّكَ فَاصْبِرْ۝

“O you Enrobed one! Arise and warn. And magnify your Lord. And purify your clothes. And shun impurities (abominations). And do not give to others expecting more returns. And keep patience for the sake of your Lord.” (74:1 – 7)

وَاِمَّا يَنْزَغَنَّكَ مِنَ الشَّيْطٰنِ نَزْغٌ فَاسْتَعِذْ بِاللهِ اِنَّه هُوَ السَّمِيْعُ الْعَلِيْمُ۝

“When a temptation from the Devil provokes you, seek refuge in Allah; He is All-Hearer, All-Knower.” (41:36)

خُذِ الْعَفْوَ وَاْمُرْ بِالْعُرْفِ وَاَعْرِضْ عَنِ الْجٰهِلِیْنَ۝

“Adopt forgiveness, and command what is right, and avoid the ignorant.” (7:199)

وَ لَا تَقُوْلَنَّ لِشَایْءٍ اِنِّیْ فَاعِلٌ ذٰلِكَ غَدًا ۝ اِلَّاۤ اَنْ یَّشَآءَ اللّٰهُ ۫  ….. ۝

“Never say of anything, ‘I shall certainly do so and so tomorrow’ – without adding, ‘If Allah so wills’……” (18:23 – 24)

Message of Islam to the Rulers of the World

“In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. This letter is from Muhammad the slave of Allah and his Apostle to Heraclius, the ruler of the Byzantines. Peace be upon him who follows the right path. Furthermore, I invite you to Islam and if you become a Muslim, you will be safe, and Allah will double your reward, and if you reject this invitation of Islam, you will be committing a sin by misguiding your subjects. And I recite to you Allah’s statement:”

The following verses refer to Prophet Muhammad’s (ﷺ) universal call to humanity:

اُدْعُ اِلٰى سَبِيْلِ رَبِّكَ بِالْحِكْمَةِ وَالْمَوْعِظَةِ الْحَسَنَةِ وَجٰدِلْهُمْ بِالَّتِىْ هِىَ اَحْسَنُ اِنَّ رَبَّكَ هُوَ اعْلَمُ بِمَنْ ضَلَّ عَن سَبِيْلِه وَهُوَ اعْلَمُ بِالْمُهْتَدِيْنَ۝

“(O Prophet) Invite to the way of your Lord with wisdom and good advice, and debate with them in the most dignified manner. Your Lord is aware of those who stray from His path, and He is aware of those who are guided to righteous path.” (16:125)

يٰۤاَيُّهَا النَّبِىُّ اِنَّاۤ اَرْسَلْنٰكَ شٰهِدًا وَّمُبَشِّرًا وَّنَذِيْرًا۝ وَدَاعِيْا اِلَى اللهِ بِاِذْنِه وَسِرَاجًا مُّنِيْرًا۝

“O Prophet! We have sent you as a witness, and a bearer of good news, and a warner. And a caller towards Allah by His leave, and an illuminating beacon.” (33:45 – 46)

يٰۤاَيُّهَا النَّاسُ قَدْ جَآءَكُمُ الرَّسُوْلُ بِالْحَقِّ مِنْ رَّبِّكُمْ فَـَٔامِنُوْا خَيْرًا لَّكُمْ وَاِنْ تَكْفُرُوْا فَاِنَّ لِلّٰهِ مَا فِى السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضِ وَكَانَ اللهُ عَلِيْمًا حَكِيْمًا۝

“O mankind! Messenger has come to you with message of truth from your Lord, so believe in it, it is the best for you, if you disbelieve, (mind that) Allah belongs whatever exist in the heavens and in the earth, Allah is All-knowing, All-wise.” (4:170)

قُلْ هٰذِہٖ سَبِیْلِیْۤ اَدْعُوْۤا اِلَی اللّٰهِ عَلٰی بَصِیْرَۃٍ اَنَا وَمَنِ اتَّبَعَنِیْ ؕ    وَسُبْحٰنَ اللّٰهِ وَمَاۤ اَنَا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِیْنَ۝

“(O Prophet) Say, ‘This is my way; I invite (people) towards Allah, based on clear knowledge as well as those who follow me too. Glory be to Allah; and I am not of the polytheists.” (12:108)

كَمَاۤ اَرْسَلْنَا فِيْكُمْ رَسُوْلًا مِّنْكُمْ يَتْلُوْا عَلَيْكُمْ اٰيٰتِنَا وَيُزَكِّيْكُمْ وَيُعَلِّمُكُمُ الْكِتٰبَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَيُعَلِّمُكُمْ مَّا لَمْ تَكُوْنُوْا تَعْلَمُوْنَ۝

“Just as We sent to you a messenger from among you, who recites Our revelations to you, and purifies you, and teaches you the Book and wisdom, and teaches you what you did not know.” (2:151)

قُلْ يٰۤاَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اِنِّىْ رَسُوْلُ اللهِ الَيْكُمْ جَمِيْعًا الَّذِىْ لَه مُلْكُ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضِ لَاۤ اِلٰهَ اِلَّا هُوَ يُحْى وَيُمِيْتُ فَـَٔامِنُوْا بِاللهِ وَرَسُوْلِهِ النَّبِىِّ الْاُمِّىِّ الَّذِىْ يُؤْمِنْ بِاللهِ وَكَلِمٰتِه وَاتَّبِعُوْهُ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَهْتَدُوْنَ۝

“(O Prophet) Say, ‘O mankind, I am the Messenger of Allah to you all – He to whom belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth. There is no god but He. He gives life and causes death.’ So, believe in Allah and His Messenger, the unlettered Prophet, who believes in Allah and His words. And follow him, that you may be guided.” (7:158)

Sending ‘Darood and Salam’ on Muhammad (ﷺ)

Allah (SWT) Himself offered divine blessings to His Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) by sending ‘Darood and Salam.’ His angels too, pray for him and show respect to him through offering ‘Darood and Salam’. Allah (SWT) also advised all Muslims to pray with ‘Darood and Salam’ for His Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). Whenever a Muslim hears, reads or speaks about him, he should instantly offer ‘Darood and Salam’, uttering: صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَصَلَّمَ  (Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). In every salat (prayer) and khutbah (speech of congregational prayer), Muslims all over the world offer salutation to him with ‘Darood and Salam’. The significance of sending ‘Darood and Salam’ is to ‘Be attached to him, praise and adore him and pray for him.’ The related verse has been quoted below:

اِنَّ اللهَ وَمَلٰٓئِكَتَه يُصَلُّوْنَ عَلَى النَّبِىِّ يٰۤاَيُّهَا الَّذِيْنَ اٰمَنُوْا صَلُّوْا عَلَيْهِ وَسَلِّمُوْا تَسْلِيْمًا ۝

“Surely Allah and His angels bless the Prophet; ‘O you who believe! Send blessings on him and salute him with a (becoming) salutation’.” (33.56)

Love and Obedience to Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ)

Allah (SWT) commands believers to show due respect to His Prophet (ﷺ) with the utmost dignity and honor. The hearts of true Muslims should remain filled with love and obedience for Allah and His Prophet. They must value their Lord and His Prophet far more than their own lives, children, and worldly possessions. They cannot be true believers unless they have such intense love and devotion for him. According to a Hadith narrated by Anas Ibne Malik (), the Prophet (ﷺ) said, “None of you shall be a true believer unless you love me more than you love your parents, children, and other people.” (Bukhari and Muslims). The verses relating to this topic are cited below:

النَّبِىُّ اَوْلٰى بِالْمُؤْمِنِيْنَ مِنْ اَنْفُسِهِمْ

“The Prophet has a greater relationship (of love) with the believers than even their own selves,” ………. (33:6)

قُلْ اِنْ كُنْتُمْ تُحِبُّوْنَ اللهَ فَاتَّبِعُوْنِىْ يُحْبِبْكُمُ اللهُ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ذُنُوْبَكُمْ وَاللهُ غَفُوْرٌ رَّحِيْمٌ۝

“Say (O Prophet), ‘If you love Allah, then follow me, and Allah will love you, and will forgive you your sins.’ Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.” (3:31)

قُلْ اَطِيْعُوْا اللهَ وَالرَّسُوْلَ فَاِن تَوَلَّوْا فَاِنَّ اللهَ لَا يُحِبُّ الْكٰفِرِيْنَ۝

“(O Prophet) Say, ‘Obey Allah and the Messenger.’ But if they turn away – Allah does not love the faithless.” (3:32)

مَنْ یُّطِعِ الرَّسُوْلَ فَقَدْ اَطَاعَ اللّٰهَ ۚ وَمَنْ تَوَلّٰی فَمَاۤ اَرْسَلْنٰكَ عَلَیْهِمْ حَفِیْظًا۝

“Whoever obeys the Messenger is obeying Allah. And whoever turns away – We did not send you as a watcher over them.” (4:80)

یٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْۤا اَطِیْعُوا اللّٰهَ وَاَطِیْعُوا الرَّسُوْلَ وَلَا تُبْطِلُوْۤا اَعْمَالَکُمْ۝

“O Believers!  Obey Allah, and obey the Messenger, and make not vain your deeds!” (47:33)

اِنَّمَا كَانَ قَوْلَ الْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ اِذَا دُعُوْۤا اِلَی اللّٰهِ وَرَسُوْلِہٖ لِیَحْکُمَ بَیْنَهُمْ اَنْ یَّقُوْلُوْا سَمِعْنَا وَاَطَعْنَا ؕ  وَاُولٰٓئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُوْنَ ۝ وَمَنْ یُّطِعِ اللّٰهَ وَرَسُوْلَہٗ وَیَخْشَ اللّٰهَ وَیَتَّقْهِ فَاُولٰٓئِكَ هُمُ الْفَآئِزُوْنَ۝ وَاَقْسَمُوْا بِاللّٰهِ جَہْدَ اَیْمَانِهِمْ لَئِنْ اَمَرْتَهُمْ لَیَخْرُجُنَّ ؕ قُلْ لَّا تُقْسِمُوْا ۚ طَاعَۃٌ مَّعْرُوْفَۃٌ ؕ  اِنَّ اللّٰهَ خَبِیْرٌۢ بِمَا تَعْمَلُوْنَ ۝

“The response of the believers, when they appeal unto Allah and His Messenger to judge between them, is only that they say, ‘We hear and we obey.’ These are the successful. Whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger, and fears Allah, and is conscious of Him—these are the successful ones. And they swear by Allah with their solemn oaths, that if you commanded them, they would certainly leave their homes. Say, ‘Do not swear. Obedience will be recognized as usual. Allah is surely abreast of what you do’.” (24:51 – 53)

وَ اَطِیْعُوا اللّٰهَ وَالرَّسُوْلَ لَعَلَّکُمْ تُرْحَمُوْنَ ۝

“And obey Allah and the Messenger, that you may obtain mercy.” (3:132)

قُلْ اَطِیْعُوا اللّٰهَ وَاَطِیْعُوا الرَّسُوْلَ ۚ فَاِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَاِنَّمَا عَلَیْهِ مَا حُمِّلَ وَعَلَیْکُمْ مَّا حُمِّلْتُمْ ؕ  وَاِنْ تُطِیْعُوْهُ تَہْتَدُوْا ؕ وَمَا عَلَی الرَّسُوْلِ اِلَّا الْبَلٰغُ الْمُبِیْنُ ۝

“(O Prophet) Say, ‘Obey Allah and obey the Messenger.’ But if they turn away, then he is responsible for his obligations, and you are responsible for your obligations. And if you obey him, you will be guided. It is only incumbent on the Messenger to deliver the Clarifying Message.” (24:54)

 وَمَنْ يُّطِعِ اللهَ وَرَسُوْلَه فَقَدْ فَازَ فَوْزًا عَظِيْمًا۝

“….. Whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger has succeeded tremendously.” (33:71)

یٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْۤا اَطِیْعُوا اللّٰهَ وَاَطِیْعُوا الرَّسُوْلَ وَاُولِی الْاَمْرِ مِنْکُمْ ۚ فَاِنْ تَنَازَعْتُمْ فِیْ شَیْءٍ فَرُدُّوْهُ اِلَی اللّٰهِ وَالرَّسُوْلِ اِنْ کُنْتُمْ تُؤْمِنُوْنَ بِاللّٰهِ وَالْیَوْمِ الْاٰخِرِ ؕ ذٰلِكَ خَیْرٌ وَ اَحْسَنُ تَاْوِیْلًا۝

“O Believers!  Obey Allah and obey the Messenger and those in authority among you. And if you dispute over anything, refer it to Allah and the Messenger, if you believe in Allah and the Last Day. That is best and most excellent as end result.” (4:59)

وَ اَقِیْمُوا الصَّلٰوۃَ وَاٰتُوا الزَّکٰوۃَ وَاَطِیْعُوا الرَّسُوْلَ لَعَلَّکُمْ تُرْحَمُوْنَ ۝

“Establish Prayer, and pay Zakat (poor-due), and obey the Messenger, so that you may receive mercy.” (24:56)

وَمَنْ يُّطِعِ اللهَ وَالرَّسُوْلَ فَاُوْلٰٓئِكَ مَعَ الَّذِيْنَ اَنْعَمَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِم مِّنَ النَّبِيِّنَ وَالصِّدِّيْقِيْنَ وَالشُّهَدَآءِ وَالصّٰلِحِيْنَ وَحَسُنَ اُوْلٰٓئِكَ رَفِيْقًا۝ ذٰلِكَ الْفَضْلُ مِنَ اللهِ وَكَفٰى بِاللهِ عَلِيْمًا۝

“Whoever obeys Allah and the Messenger – they will be with those prophets, and truthful, and martyrs, and righteous ones on whom Allah has bestowed His bounties. Excellent are those as companions. That is the grace from Allah. Allah suffices as Knower.” (4:69 – 70)

وَمَاۤ اَرْسَلْنَا مِنْ رَّسُوْلٍ اِلَّا لِیُطَاعَ بِاِذْنِ اللّٰهِ ؕ وَلَوْ اَنَّهُمْ اِذْ ظَّلَمُوْۤا اَنْفُسَهُمْ جَآءُوْكَ فَاسْتَغْفَرُوا اللّٰهَ وَاسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُمُ الرَّسُوْلُ لَوَجَدُوا اللّٰهَ تَوَّابًا رَّحِیْمًا ۝ فَلَا وَرَبِّكَ لَا یُؤْمِنُوْنَ حَتّٰی یُحَكِمُوْكَ فِیْمَا شَجَرَ بَیْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ لَا یَجِدُوْا فِیْۤ اَنْفُسِهِمْ حَرَجًا مِّمَّا قَضَیْتَ وَیُسَلِّمُوْا تَسْلِیْمًا ۝

“We did not send any messenger except to be obeyed by Allah’s leave. Had they, when they wronged to their souls, would come to you, and would pray for Allah’s forgiveness, and the Messenger had prayed for their forgiveness, they would have found Allah Relenting and Merciful. But no, by the oath of your Lord, they cannot be believers until they call you to arbitrate in their disputes, and then find no resentment within themselves regarding your decisions, and accept with complete submission.” (4:64 – 65)

یٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوا اسْتَجِیْبُوْا لِلّٰهِ وَلِلرَّسُوْلِ اِذَا دَعَاکُمْ لِمَا یُحْیِیْکُمْ ۚ وَاعْلَمُوْۤا اَنَّ اللّٰهَ یَحُوْلُ بَیْنَ الْمَرْءِ وَقَلْبِہٖ وَاَنَّہٗۤ  اِلَیْهِ تُحْشَرُوْنَ ۝ وَاتَّقُوْا فِتْنَۃً لَّا تُصِیْبَنَّ الَّذِیْنَ ظَلَمُوْا مِنْکُمْ خَآصَّۃً ۚ وَاعْلَمُوْۤا اَنَّ اللّٰهَ شَدِیْدُ الْعِقَابِ ۝

“O Believers!  Respond to Allah and to the Messenger when He calls you to what will give you life. And know that Allah stands between a man and his heart, and that to Him you will be gathered. And beware of discord which does not only afflict the wrongdoers among you; and know that Allah is severe in retribution.” (8:24 – 25)

 وَمَنْ يُّطِعِ اللهَ وَرَسُوْلَه يُدْخِلْهُ جَنّٰتٍ تَجْرِىْ مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْاَنْهٰرُ خٰلِدِيْنَ فِيْهَا وَذٰلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيْمُ۝ وَمَنْ يَّعْصِ اللهَ وَرَسُوْلَه وَيَتَعَدَّ حُدُوْدَه يُدْخِلْهُ نَارًا خٰلِدًا فِيْهَا وَلَه عَذَابٌ مُّهِيْنٌ۝

“…… Whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger, He will admit him into Gardens beneath which rivers flow, to abide therein forever. That is the great attainment. But whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger, and oversteps His bounds, He will admit him into a Fire, wherein he abides forever, and he will have a shameful punishment.” (4:13 – 14)

وَمَا كَانَ لِمُؤْمِنٍ وَلَا مُؤْمِنَۃٍ اِذَا قَضَی اللّٰهُ وَرَسُوْلُہٗۤ اَمْرًا اَنْ یَّکُوْنَ لَهُمُ الْخِیَرَۃُ مِنْ اَمْرِهِمْ ؕ  وَمَنْ یَّعْصِ اللّٰهَ وَرَسُوْلَہٗ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ ضَلٰلًا مُّبِیْنًا۝

“The believers – men or women have no option (but to obey) when Allah and His Messenger have decided a matter. Whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger, he is indeed on a clearly wrong Path.” (33:36)

اِلَّا تَنْصُرُوْهُ فَقَدْ نَصَرَهُ اللّٰهُ اِذْ اَخْرَجَهُ الَّذِیْنَ كَفَرُوْا ثَانِیَ اثْنَیْنِ اِذْ هُمَا فِی الْغَارِ اِذْ یَقُوْلُ لِصَاحِبِہٖ لَا تَحْزَنْ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ مَعَنَا ۚ فَاَنْزَلَ اللّٰهُ سَكِیْنَتَہٗ عَلَیْهِ وَاَیَّدَہٗ بِجُنُوْدٍ لَّمْ تَرَوْهَا وَجَعَلَ كَلِمَۃَ الَّذِیْنَ كَفَرُوا السُّفْلٰی ؕ وَكَلِمَۃُ اللّٰهِ هِیَ الْعُلْیَا ؕ وَاللّٰهُ عَزِیْزٌ حَكِیْمٌ ۝

“If you help not (your prophet), (it is no matter): for Allah did indeed help him, when the unbelievers drove him out: he had no more than one companion; they two were in the cave, and he said to his companion, ‘Have no fear, for Allah is with us’: then Allah sent down His peace upon him, and strengthened him with forces which you saw not, and humbled the word of the unbelievers to the lowest. But the word of Allah is exalted to the heights: for Allah is Exalted in might, Wise.” (9:40)

مَا كَانَ لِاَهْلِ الْمَدِیْنَۃِ وَمَنْ حَوْلَهُمْ مِّنَ الْاَعْرَابِ اَنْ یَّتَخَلَّفُوْا عَنْ رَّسُوْلِ اللّٰهِ وَلَا یَرْغَبُوْا بِاَنْفُسِهِمْ عَنْ نَّفْسِہٖ ؕ ذٰلِكَ بِاَنَّهُمْ لَا یُصِیْبُهُمْ ظَمَاٌ وَلَا نَصَبٌ وَلَا مَخْمَصَۃٌ فِیْ سَبِیْلِ اللّٰهِ وَلَا یَطَـُٔوْنَ مَوْطِئًا یَّغِیْظُ الْکُفَّارَ وَلَا یَنَالُوْنَ مِنْ عَدُوٍّ نَّیْلًا اِلَّا کُتِبَ لَهُمْ بِہٖ عَمَلٌ صَالِحٌ ؕ  اِنَّ اللّٰهَ لَا یُضِیْعُ اَجْرَ الْمُحْسِنِیْنَ ۝

“It was not proper for the people of Madinah and the Bedouin Arabs of the neighborhood, to keep aloof from following Allah’s Messenger, nor to love their own lives more than the life of the Prophet: because nothing could they suffer or do, but was reckoned to their credit as a deed of righteousness,- whether they suffered thirst, or fatigue, or hunger, in the cause of Allah, or trod paths to raise the rage of the Unbelievers, or received any injury whatever from an enemy: for Allah does not let the reward to be lost of those who do good.” (9:120)

يٰۤاَيُّهَا الَّذِيْنَ اٰمَنُوْا لَا تَقُوْلُوْا رٰعِنَا وَقُوْلُوْا انْظُرْنَا وَاسْمَعُوْا ^ط وَلِلْكٰفِرِيْنَ عَذَابٌ اَلِيْمٌ۝

“O Believers!  Do not say ‘ra’ina’ (drawing Prophet’s attention indecently as done by the Jews), but say ‘unjurna’ (drawing his attention respectfully), and listen (to him attentively). The disbelievers will have a painful torment.” (2:104)

یٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا لَا تَسْـَٔلُوْا عَنْ اَشْیَآءَ اِنْ تُبْدَ لَکُمْ تَسُؤْکُمْ ۚ  وَ اِنْ تَسْـَٔلُوْا عَنْهَا حِیْنَ یُنَزَّلُ الْقُرْاٰنُ تُبْدَ لَکُمْ ؕ عَفَا اللّٰهُ عَنْهَا ؕ  وَاللّٰهُ غَفُوْرٌ حَلِیْمٌ ۝ قَدْ سَاَلَهَا قَوْمٌ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ ثُمَّ اَصْبَحُوْا بِهَا كٰفِرِيْنَ۝

“O Believers!  Do not ask about things that would trouble you if disclosed to you. But if you were to ask such questions while the Qur’an is being revealed, they will make known to you. Allah has forgiven that. Allah is Forgiving and Clement. A people before you had asked about such questions, but then they became unbelievers on these matters.” (5:101 – 102)

يٰۤاَيُّهَا الَّذِيْنَ اٰمَنُوْا لَا تُقَدِّمُوْا بَيْنَ يَدَىِ اللهِ وَرَسُوْلِه وَاتَّقُوْا اللهَ اِنَّ اللهَ سَمِيْعٌ عَلِيْمٌ۝

“O Believers!  Do not forward your comments before that of Allah and His Messenger, and fear Allah. Allah is Hearing and Knowing.” (49:1)

یٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا لَا تَرْفَعُوْۤا اَصْوَاتَکُمْ فَوْقَ صَوْتِ النَّبِیِّ وَلَا تَجْهَرُوْا لَہٗ بِالْقَوْلِ كَجَہْرِ بَعْضِکُمْ لِبَعْضٍ اَنْ تَحْبَطَ اَعْمَالُکُمْ وَاَنْتُمْ لَا تَشْعُرُوْنَ ۝ اِنَّ الَّذِیْنَ یَغُضُّوْنَ اَصْوَاتَهُمْ عِنْدَ رَسُوْلِ اللّٰهِ اُولٰٓئِكَ الَّذِیْنَ امْتَحَنَ اللّٰهُ قُلُوْبَهُمْ لِلتَّقْوٰی ؕ  لَهُمْ مَّغْفِرَۃٌ وَاَجْرٌ عَظِیْمٌ ۝

“O Believers!  Do not raise your voices above the voice of the Prophet, and do not speak loudly to him, as you speak loudly to one another, lest your works be in vain without you realizing. Verily those who lower their voices before Allah’s Messenger are the ones whose hearts Allah has purified for piety. They will have forgiveness and a great reward.” (49:2 – 3)

وَ اعْلَمُوْۤا اَنَّ فِیْکُمْ رَسُوْلَ اللّٰهِ ؕ لَوْ یُطِیْعُکُمْ فِیْ كَثِیْرٍ مِّنَ الْاَمْرِ لَعَنِتُّمْ وَلٰكِنَّ اللّٰهَ حَبَّبَ اِلَیْکُمُ الْاِیْمَانَ وَزَیَّنَہٗ فِیْ قُلُوْبِکُمْ وَكَرَّهَ اِلَیْکُمُ الْکُفْرَ وَالْفُسُوْقَ وَالْعِصْیَانَ ؕ  اُولٰٓئِكَ هُمُ الرّٰشِدُوْنَ۝ فَضْلًا مِّنَ اللهِ وَنِعْمَةً وَّاللهُ عَلِيْمٌ حَكِيْمٌ۝

“And know that among you is the Messenger of Allah. Had he obeyed you in many matters, you would have suffered hardship. But Allah has given you the love of faith, and adorned it in your hearts, and made disbelief, mischief, and rebellion hateful to you. These are the rightly guided. This is a Grace and Favor from Allah. Allah is Knowing and Wise.” (49:7 – 8)

اِنَّمَا الْمُؤْمِنُوْنَ الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا بِاللّٰهِ وَرَسُوْلِہٖ وَاِذَا كَانُوْا مَعَہٗ عَلٰۤی اَمْرٍ جَامِعٍ لَّمْ یَذْهَبُوْا حَتّٰی یَسْتَاْذِنُوْهُ ؕ اِنَّ الَّذِیْنَ یَسْتَاْذِنُوْنَكَ اُولٰٓئِكَ الَّذِیْنَ یُؤْمِنُوْنَ بِاللّٰهِ وَ رَسُوْلِہٖ ۚ  فَاِذَا اسْتَاْذَنُوْكَ لِبَعْضِ شَاْنِهِمْ فَاْذَنْ لِّمَنْ شِئْتَ مِنْهُمْ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمُ اللّٰهَ ؕ  اِنَّ اللّٰهَ غَفُوْرٌ رَّحِیْمٌ۝

“The believers are those who believe in Allah and His Messenger, and when they are with him for a matter of common interest, they do not leave until they have asked him for permission. Those who ask your permission are those who believe in Allah and His Messenger. So, when they ask your permission to attend to some affair of theirs, give permission to any of them you wish, and ask Allah’s forgiveness for them. Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.” (24:62)

لَا تَجْعَلُوْا دُعَآءَ الرَّسُوْلِ بَیْنَکُمْ كَدُعَآءِ بَعْضِکُمْ بَعْضًا ؕ قَدْ یَعْلَمُ اللّٰهُ الَّذِیْنَ یَتَسَلَّلُوْنَ مِنْکُمْ لِوَاذًا ۚ فَلْیَحْذَرِ الَّذِیْنَ یُخَالِفُوْنَ عَنْ اَمْرِہٖۤ اَنْ تُصِیْبَهُمْ فِتْنَۃٌ اَوْ یُصِیْبَهُمْ عَذَابٌ اَلِیْمٌ۝

“Do not treat the calling of Messenger like yours calling to each other. Allah knows those of you who slip away secretly using flimsy excuses. So, let those who oppose his orders beware, lest an ordeal strikes them, or a painful punishment befalls them.” (24:63)

وَ مِنْهُمُ الَّذِیْنَ یُؤْذُوْنَ النَّبِیَّ وَیَقُوْلُوْنَ هُوَ اُذُنٌ ؕ قُلْ اُذُنُ خَیْرٍ لَّکُمْ یُؤْمِنُ بِاللّٰهِ وَیُؤْمِنُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ وَرَحْمَۃٌ لِّلَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا مِنْکُمْ ؕ وَالَّذِیْنَ یُؤْذُوْنَ رَسُوْلَ اللّٰهِ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ اَلِیْمٌ۝

“Among them are men who upset the Prophet and say, ‘He is but all ear.’ Say, ‘He listens to what is best for you: he believes in Allah, has faith in the Believers, and is a Mercy to those of you who believe.’ But those who slander the Messenger will have a grievous penalty.” (9:61)

وَ مَاۤ اٰتٰىکُمُ الرَّسُوْلُ فَخُذُوْهُ ^ق وَمَا نَهٰىکُمْ عَنْهُ فَانْتَهُوْا ۚ وَ اتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ شَدِیْدُ الْعِقَابِ ۘ۝

“……….So, take whatsoever the Messenger gives you, and abstain from whatsoever he forbids you. And fear Allah, for Allah is strict in Punishment.” (59:7)

اِنَّ الَّذِيْنَ يُؤْذُوْنَ اللهَ وَرَسُوْلَه لَعَنَهُمُ اللهُ فِى الدُّنْيَا وَالْاٰخِرَةِ وَاَعَدَّ لَهُمْ عَذَابًا مُّهِيْنًا۝

“Those who annoy Allah and His Messenger – Allah has cursed them in this World and in the Hereafter, and has prepared for them a humiliating Punishment.” (33:57)

Mu’jeza (Miracles) of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ)

The Holy Qur’an is the greatest Mu’jeza (miracle) bestowed on Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). The Mu’jeza of all other Prophets ended with their departure from this world. However, the Holy Qur’an is a living Mu’jeza that has remained pure and unaltered even fourteen hundred years after Muhammad’s (ﷺ) departure and it will remain so till the Day of Qiyamah as per commitment of Allah (SWT). Other Miracles of the Prophet (ﷺ) were ‘Isra wal Miraj’ (the miraculous night journey and ascension to the heavens) and ‘Splitting of the Moon.’

Verses relating to Mu’jeza of Prophet (ﷺ) are cited below:

سُبْحٰنَ الَّذِىۤ اَسْرٰى بِعَبْدِه لَيْلًا مِّنَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ اِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ الْاَقْصَا الَّذِىْ بٰرَكْنَا حَوْلَه لِنُرِيَه مِنْ اٰيٰتِنَآ اِنَّه هُوَ السَّمِيْعُ الْبَصِيْرُ۝

“Glory to Him who journeyed His servant by night, from the Sacred Mosque to the Farthest Mosque, whose precincts We have blessed, in order to show him of Our wonders. He is the Listener, the Beholder. (17:1)

وَلَقَدْ رَاٰهُ نَزْلَةً اُخْرٰى۝ عِنْدَ سِدْرَةِ الْمُنْتَهٰى۝ عِنْدَهَا جَنَّةُ الْمَاْوٰۤى۝ اِذْ يَغْشَى السِّدْرَةَ مَا يَغْشٰى۝ مَا زَاغَ الْبَصَرُ وَمَا طَغٰى۝ لَقَدْ رَاٰى مِنْ اٰيٰتِ رَبِّهِ الْكُبْرٰۤى۝

“He (Muhammad ﷺ) saw him (Jibreel  in his original form) on another occasion, at the Lotus Tree of the Extremity (space-frontier). Near it is the Garden of Repose (Jannah). As the Lotus Tree was covered by that what covered it. (His) sight did not waver, nor did it exceed. Verily he saw some of the Great Signs of his Lord.” (53:13 – 18)

وَاِذْ قُلْنَا لَكَ اِنَّ رَبَّكَ اَحَاطَ بِالنَّاسِ وَمَا جَعَلْنَا الرُّءْيَا الَّتِىۤ اَرَيْنٰكَ اِلَّا فِتْنَةً لِّلنَّاسِ وَالشَّجَرَةَ الْمَلْعُوْنَةَ فِى الْقُرْاٰنِ وَنُخَوِّفُهُمْ فَمَا يَزِيْدُهُمْ اِلَّا طُغْيٰنًا كَبِيْرًا۝

“(O Prophet, remember) When We said to you that your Lord encompasses humanity. We did not make the vision We showed you (during your night journey), except as a test for the people, and the tree cursed in the Qur’an. We frighten them, but that only increases their defiance.” (17:60)

اقْتَرَبَتِ السَّاعَةُ وَاِنْشَقَّ الْقَمَرُ۝ وَاِنْ يَّرَوْا اٰيَةً يُّعْرِضُوْا وَيَقُوْلُوْا سِحْرٌ مُّسْتَمِرٌّ۝

“The Hour (Qiyamah) has drawn near, and the moon has split. Yet whenever they see a miracle, they turn away, and say, ‘It is mere a Conventional Magic’.” (54:1 – 2)

وَيَقُوْلُ الَّذِيْنَ كَفَرُوْا لَوْلَاۤ اُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ اٰيَةٌ مِّنْ رَّبِهۤ ^ط اِنَّمَاۤ اَنْتَ مُنْذِرٌ وَّلِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هَادٍ۝

“Those who disbelieve say, ‘Why was a miracle not sent down to him from his Lord?’ You are only a warner, and for every community, there was a guide.” (13:7)

وَقَالُوْا لَوْلَاۤ اُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ اٰيٰتٌ مِّنْ رَّبِّه قُلْ اِنَّمَا الْاٰيٰتُ عِنْدَ اللهِ وَاِنَّمَآ اَنَانَذِيْرٌ مُّبِيْنٌ ۝ اَوَلَمْ يَكْفِهِمْ اَنَّاۤ اَنْزَلْنَا عَلَيْكَ الْكِتٰبَ يُتْلٰى عَلَيْهِمْ اِنَّ فِىْ ذٰلِكَ لَرَحْمَةً وَّذِكْرٰى لِقَوْمٍ يُؤْمِنُوْنَ۝

“But they say, ‘Why have no miracles been sent down to him from his Lord?’ Say, ‘The miracles are only with God, and I am only sent to give you a clear warning’. Is it not enough for them that We have sent down to you the Book, which is recited to them. Surely in this Qur’an is a mercy and reminder for people who believe.” (29:50 – 51)

وَقَالُوا لَوْلَا يَأْتِينَا بِآيَةٍ مِّن رَّبِّهِ ۚ أَوَلَمْ تَأْتِهِم بَيِّنَةُ مَا فِي الصُّحُفِ الْأُولَ

“They say: ‘Why does he not bring us a sign from his Lord?’ Has not a Clear Sign come to them of all that was in the former Books of revelation?” (20:133)

وَقَالُوْا لَوْلَاۤ اُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ مَلَكٌ وَّلَوْ اَنْزَلْنَا مَلَكًا لَّقُضِىَ الْاَمْرُ ثُمَّ لَا يُنْظَرُوْنَ۝ وَلَوْ جَعَلْنٰهُ مَلَكًا لَّجَعَلْنٰهُ رَجُلًا وَّلَلَبَسْنَا عَلَيْهِم مَّا يَلْبِسُوْنَ۝

“And they say, ‘Why was an angel not sent down to him.’ Had We sent down an angel, the matter would have been settled, and they would not have been reprieved. Had We made him an angel, We would have made him a (shape of) man (because angel is invisible), and confused them when they are already confused.” (6:8 – 9)

الَّذِينَ قَالُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَهِدَ إِلَيْنَا أَلَّا نُؤْمِنَ لِرَسُولٍ حَتَّىٰ يَأْتِيَنَا بِقُرْبَانٍ تَأْكُلُهُ النَّارُ ۗ قُلْ قَدْ جَاءَكُمْ رُسُلٌ مِّن قَبْلِي بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَبِالَّذِي قُلْتُمْ فَلِمَ قَتَلْتُمُوهُمْ إِن كُنتُمْ صَادِقِينَ

“They (also) said: ‘(Allah) took our promise not to believe in an apostle unless He showed us a sacrifice consumed by Fire (From heaven).’ Say: ‘There came to you apostles before me, with clear Signs and even with what you ask for: why then did you slay them, if you speak the truth’?” (3:183)

وَ لَقَدْ ضَرَبْنَا لِلنَّاسِ فِیْ هٰذَا الْقُرْاٰنِ مِنْ کُلِّ مَثَلٍ ؕ وَلَئِنْ جِئْتَهُمْ بِاٰیَۃٍ لَّیَقُوْلَنَّ الَّذِیْنَ كَفَرُوْۤا اِنْ اَنْتُمْ اِلَّا مُبْطِلُوْنَ ۝

“We have cited in this Qur’an for the people every sort of example. But even if you bring them a miracle, those who disbelieve will say, ‘You are nothing but fakes’.” (30:58)

وَّقَالُوْا لَنْ نُّؤْمِنَ لَكَ حَتّٰی تَفْجُرَ لَنَا مِنَ الْاَرْضِ یَنْۢبُوْعًا ۝ اَوْ تَکُوْنَ لَكَ جَنَّۃٌ مِّنْ نَّخِیْلٍ وَّعِنَبٍ فَتُفَجِّرَ الْاَنْهٰرَ خِلٰلَهَا تَفْجِیْرًا ۝ اَوْ تُسْقِطَ السَّمَآءَ كَمَا زَعَمْتَ عَلَیْنَا كِسَفًا اَوْ تَاْتِیَ بِاللّٰهِ وَالْمَلٰٓئِكَۃِ قَبِیْلًا ۝ اَوْ یَکُوْنَ لَكَ بَیْتٌ مِّنْ زُخْرُفٍ اَوْ تَرْقٰی فِی السَّمَآءِ ؕ  وَلَنْ نُّؤْمِنَ لِرُقِیِّكَ حَتّٰی تُنَزِّلَ عَلَیْنَا كِتٰبًا نَّقْرَؤُہٗ ؕ  قُلْ سُبْحَانَ رَبِّیْ هَلْ کُنْتُ اِلَّا بَشَرًا رَّسُوْلًا۝

“They (unbelievers) say: ‘We shall not believe in you (O Prophet), until you cause a spring to gush forth for us from the earth, Or (until) you have a garden of date trees and vines, and cause rivers to gush forth in their midst, carrying abundant water; Or you cause the sky to fall in pieces, as you say (will happen), upon us; or you bring Allah and the angels before (us) face to face: Or you have a house adorned with gold, or you mount a ladder right into the skies. No, we shall not even believe in you mounting until you send down to us a book that we could read.’ Say: ‘Glory to my Lord! I am but a human being sent as a messenger’?” (17:90 – 93)

وَمَا مَنَعَنَا أَن نُّرْسِلَ بِالْآيَاتِ إِلَّا أَن كَذَّبَ بِهَا الْأَوَّلُونَ ۚ وَآتَيْنَا ثَمُودَ النَّاقَةَ مُبْصِرَةً فَظَلَمُوا بِهَا ۚ وَمَا نُرْسِلُ بِالْآيَاتِ إِلَّا تَخْوِيفًا

“And We refrain from sending the miracles, only because the men of former generations treated them as false: We sent the she-camel to the Thamud to open their eyes, but they treated her wrongfully: We only send the Signs by way of terror (and warning from evil).” (17:59)

وَاِنْ كَانَ كَبُرَ عَلَيْكَ اِعْرَاضُهُمْ فَاِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ اَنْ تَبْتَغِىَ نَفَقًا فِى الْاَرْضِ اَوْسُلَّمًا فِى السَّمَآءِ فَتَاْتِيْهُم بِـَٔايَةٍ وَّلَوْشَآ اٰللهُ لَجَمَعَهُمْ عَلَى الْهُدٰى فَلَا تَكُوْنَنَّ مِنَ الْجٰهِلِيْنَ۝

“If you find their rejection hard to bear, then if you can, seek a tunnel into the earth, or a stairway into heaven, and bring them a sign. Had Allah willed He could have gathered them for guidance. So do not be ignorant.” (6:35)

وَلَوْ نَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْكَ كِتَابًا فِي قِرْطَاسٍ فَلَمَسُوهُ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ لَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا إِنْ هَـٰذَا إِلَّا سِحْرٌ مُّبِينٌ

“If We had sent unto you a written (message) on parchment, so that they could touch it with their hands, the Unbelievers would have been sure to say: “This is nothing but obvious magic!” (6:7)

فَلَمَّا جَاءَهُمُ الْحَقُّ مِنْ عِندِنَا قَالُوا لَوْلَا أُوتِيَ مِثْلَ مَا أُوتِيَ مُوسَىٰ ۚ أَوَلَمْ يَكْفُرُوا بِمَا أُوتِيَ مُوسَىٰ مِن قَبْلُ ۖ قَالُوا سِحْرَانِ تَظَاهَرَا وَقَالُوا إِنَّا بِكُلٍّ كَافِرُونَ

“But (now), when the Truth has come to them from Us, they say, ‘Why are not (Signs) sent to him, like those which were sent to Moses?’ Do they not then reject (the Signs) which were formerly given to Moses? They say: ‘Both are kinds of sorcery, each assisting the other!’ And they say: ‘For us, we reject all (such things)’!” (28:48)

Wives of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ)

Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) had 11 wives in total, whom he married at various times and in various circumstances. When he was twenty-five, he first married Khadijah (), who was a widowed woman of forty. His marriage to her lasted until her death at the age of 65. All his subsequent marriages after Khadijah’s () death were primarily motivated by socioeconomic and political considerations.

Except for Ayesha bint Abi Bakr al-Siddiq (), the rest of the wives were widowed women. They all came from very reputable families and belonged to high moral character and manners. Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) was the most loving and caring husband and maintained justice and fairness with all wives. His family life was a model for humanity.

The Quranic Verses about his family relationships are quoted below:

یٰۤاَیُّهَا النَّبِیُّ اِنَّاۤ اَحْلَلْنَا لَكَ اَزْوَاجَكَ الّٰتِیْۤ اٰتَیْتَ اُجُوْرَهُنَّ وَمَا مَلَكَتْ یَمِیْنُكَ مِمَّاۤ اَفَآءَ اللّٰهُ عَلَیْكَ وَبَنٰتِ عَمِّكَ وَبَنٰتِ عَمّٰتِكَ وَبَنٰتِ خَالِكَ وَبَنٰتِ خٰلٰتِكَ الّٰتِیْ هَاجَرْنَ مَعَكَ ۫  وَامْرَاَۃً مُّؤْمِنَۃً اِنْ وَّهَبَتْ نَفْسَهَا لِلنَّبِیِّ اِنْ اَرَادَ النَّبِیُّ اَنْ یَّسْتَنْكِحَهَا ^ق خَالِصَۃً لَّكَ مِنْ دُوْنِ الْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ ؕ قَدْ عَلِمْنَا مَا فَرَضْنَا عَلَیْهِمْ فِیْۤ اَزْوَاجِهِمْ وَمَا مَلَكَتْ اَیْمَانُهُمْ لِكَیْلَا یَکُوْنَ عَلَیْكَ حَرَجٌ ؕ  وَكَانَ اللّٰهُ غَفُوْرًا رَّحِیْمًا ۝

“O Prophet! We have permitted to you your wives to whom you have given their dowries, and those you already have, as granted to you by Allah, and the daughters of your paternal uncle, and the daughters of your paternal aunts, and the daughters of your maternal uncle, and the daughters of your maternal aunts who emigrated with you, and a believing woman who has offered herself to the Prophet, if the Prophet desires to marry her, exclusively for you, and not for the believers. We know what We have ordained for them regarding their wives and those their right-hands possess. This is to spare you any difficulty. Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.” (33:50)

تُرْجِیْ مَنْ تَشَآءُ مِنْهُنَّ وَتُــْٔوِیْۤ اِلَیْكَ مَنْ تَشَآءُ ؕ  وَمَنِ ابْتَغَیْتَ مِمَّنْ عَزَلْتَ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَیْكَ ؕ ذٰلِكَ اَدْنٰۤی اَنْ تَقَرَّ اَعْیُنُهُنَّ وَلَا یَحْزَنَّ وَیَرْضَیْنَ بِمَاۤ اٰتَیْتَهُنَّ کُلُّهُنَّ ؕ  وَاللّٰهُ یَعْلَمُ مَا فِیْ قُلُوْبِکُمْ ؕ  وَكَانَ اللّٰهُ عَلِیْمًا حَلِیْمًا ۝ لَا یَحِلُّ لَكَ النِّسَآءُ مِنْۢ بَعْدُ وَلَاۤ اَنْ تَبَدَّلَ بِهِنَّ مِنْ اَزْوَاجٍ وَلَوْ اَعْجَبَكَ حُسْنُهُنَّ اِلَّا مَا مَلَكَتْ یَمِیْنُكَ ؕ وَكَانَ اللّٰهُ عَلٰی کُلِّ شَیْءٍ رَّقِیْبًا۝

“You may defer any of them (of wives) you wish, and receive any of them you wish. Should you desire any of those you had deferred, there is no blame on you. This is more proper, so that they will be comforted, and not be grieved, and be content with what you have given each one of them. Allah knows what is within your hearts. Allah is Omniscient and Clement. Beyond that, no other women are permissible for you, nor can you exchange them for other wives, even if you admire their beauty, unless she be your slave. Allah is Watchful over all things.” (33:51 – 52)

Dignity of Prophet Muhammad’s (ﷺ) Wives

Allah (SWT) termed the wives of the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) with the honorable title ‘Ummahat-ul Moo’minin’ (Mothers of the Believers). So, they are considered as dignified to every Muslim as own mother. They were all highly virtuous and noble women, as befitted the Prophet (ﷺ). They were exemplary role models for all Muslim women. The verses on this topic are cited below:

وَاِذَا سَاَلْتُمُوْهُنَّ مَتٰعًا فَسْـَٔلُوْهُنَّ مِنْ وَرَآءِ حِجَابٍ ذٰلِكُمْ اَطْهَرُ لِقُلُوْبِكُمْ وَقُلُوْبِهِنَّ۝ وَمَا كَانَ لَکُمْ اَنْ تُؤْذُوْا رَسُوْلَ اللّٰهِ وَلَاۤ اَنْ تَنْكِحُوْۤا اَزْوَاجَہٗ مِنْۢ بَعْدِہٖۤ اَبَدًا ؕ اِنَّ ذٰلِکُمْ كَانَ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ عَظِیْمًا ۝

“………. And when you ask his wives for something, ask them from behind a screen; that is purer for your hearts and their hearts. You must never offend the Messenger of Allah, nor must you ever marry his wives after him, for that would be an enormity with Allah.” (33:53)

النَّبِىُّ اَوْلٰى بِالْمُؤْمِنِيْنَ مِنْ اَنْفُسِهِمْ وَاَزْوٰجُه اُمَّهٰتُهُمْ۝

“The Prophet has a greater relationship (of love) with the believers than even their own selves, and his wives are mothers to them …. (33:6)

Allah’s Advice to Wives of Muhammad (ﷺ)

یٰنِسَآءَ النَّبِیِّ لَسْتُنَّ كَاَحَدٍ مِّنَ النِّسَآءِ اِنِ اتَّقَیْتُنَّ فَلَا تَخْضَعْنَ بِالْقَوْلِ فَیَطْمَعَ الَّذِیْ فِیْ قَلْبِہٖ مَرَضٌ وَ قُلْنَ قَوْلًا مَّعْرُوْفًا ۝ وَقَرْنَ فِیْ بُیُوْتِکُنَّ وَلَا تَبَرَّجْنَ تَبَرُّجَ الْجَاهِلِیَّۃِ الْاُوْلٰی وَاَقِمْنَ الصَّلٰوۃَ وَاٰتِیْنَ الزَّکٰوۃَ وَاَطِعْنَ اللّٰهَ وَرَسُوْلَہٗ ؕ  اِنَّمَا یُرِیْدُ اللّٰهُ لِیُذْهِبَ عَنْکُمُ الرِّجْسَ اَهْلَ الْبَیْتِ وَیُطَهِرَکُمْ تَطْهِیْرًا ۝ وَاذْکُرْنَ مَا یُتْلٰی فِیْ بُیُوْتِکُنَّ مِنْ اٰیٰتِ اللّٰهِ وَالْحِکْمَۃِ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ كَانَ لَطِیْفًا خَبِیْرًا ۝

“O wives of the Prophet! You are not like any other women, if you observe piety, then do not speak too softly, lest the people sick at heart lusts after you, but speak in a befitting manner. And settle in your homes; and do not display yourselves, like the former days of ignorance. And perform the prayer, and pay Zakat, and obey Allah and His Messenger. Allah desires to remove all impurity from you, O People of the Household (of the Prophet), and to purify you thoroughly. And remember what is recited in your homes of Allah’s revelations and wisdom. Allah is Kind and Informed.” (33:32 – 34)

یٰنِسَآءَ النَّبِیِّ مَنْ یَّاْتِ مِنْکُنَّ بِفَاحِشَۃٍ مُّبَیِّنَۃٍ یُّضٰعَفْ لَهَا الْعَذَابُ ضِعْفَیْنِ ؕ  وَكَانَ ذٰلِكَ عَلَی اللّٰهِ یَسِیْرًا ۝ وَمَنْ یَّقْنُتْ مِنْکُنَّ لِلّٰهِ وَرَسُوْلِہٖ وَتَعْمَلْ صَالِحًا نُّؤْتِهَاۤ اَجْرَهَا مَرَّتَیْنِ ۙ  وَاَعْتَدْنَا لَهَا رِزْقًا كَرِیْمًا ۝

“O wives of the Prophet! Whoever of you commits a proven indecency, the punishment for her will be doubled. And that would be easy for Allah. But whoever of you remains obedient to Allah and His Messenger, and acts righteously, We will give her a double reward; and We have prepared for her a generous provision.” (33:30 – 31)

یٰۤاَیُّهَا النَّبِیُّ قُلْ لِّاَزْوَاجِكَ اِنْ کُنْـتُنَّ تُرِدْنَ الْحَیٰوۃَ الدُّنْیَا وَزِیْنَتَهَا فَتَعَالَیْنَ اُمَتِّعْکُنَّ وَاُسَرِّحْکُنَّ سَرَاحًا جَمِیْلًا ۝ وَاِنْ کُنْـتُنَّ تُرِدْنَ اللّٰهَ وَرَسُوْلَہٗ وَالدَّارَ الْاٰخِرَۃَ فَاِنَّ اللّٰهَ اَعَدَّ لِلْمُحْسِنٰتِ مِنْکُنَّ اَجْرًا عَظِیْمًا۝

“O Prophet! Say to your wives, ‘If you desire the life of this world and its finery, then let me compensate you, and release you kindly. But if you desire Allah, His Messenger, and the Home of the Hereafter, then Allah has prepared for the righteous among you a magnificent compensation’.” (33:28 – 29)

وَ اِذْ اَسَرَّ النَّبِیُّ اِلٰی بَعْضِ اَزْوَاجِہٖ حَدِیْثًا ۚ فَلَمَّا نَبَّاَتْ بِہٖ وَاَظْهَرَهُ اللّٰهُ عَلَیْهِ عَرَّفَ بَعْضَہٗ وَاَعْرَضَ عَنْۢ بَعْضٍ ۚ فَلَمَّا نَبَّاَهَا بِہٖ قَالَتْ مَنْ اَنْۢبَاَكَ هٰذَا ؕ قَالَ نَبَّاَنِیَ الْعَلِیْمُ الْخَبِیْرُ ۝ اِنْ تَتُوْبَاۤ اِلَی اللّٰهِ فَقَدْ صَغَتْ قُلُوْبُکُمَا ۚ  وَاِنْ تَظٰهَرَا عَلَیْهِ فَاِنَّ اللّٰهَ هُوَ مَوْلٰىهُ وَجِبْرِیْلُ وَصَالِحُ الْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ ۚ  وَالْمَلٰٓئِكَۃُ بَعْدَ ذٰلِكَ ظَهِیْرٌ ۝ عَسٰی رَبُّہٗۤ اِنْ طَلَّقَکُنَّ اَنْ یُّبْدِلَہٗۤ اَزْوَاجًا خَیْرًا مِّنْکُنَّ مُسْلِمٰتٍ مُّؤْمِنٰتٍ قٰنِتٰتٍ تٰٓئِبٰتٍ عٰبِدٰتٍ سٰٓئِحٰتٍ ثَیِّبٰتٍ وَ اَبْكَارًا۝

“The Prophet told something in confidence to one of his wives. But when she disclosed it (to another wife), and Allah made it known to him; he told her part of it, and he avoided another part. Then, when he informed her of it, she said, ‘Who told you of this?’ He said, ‘The All-Knowing, the All-Informed, apprised me.’ If (both of) you repent to Allah, then your hearts have sure turned. But if you band together against him, then Allah is his Ally, as is Gabriel, and the righteous believers. In addition, the angels will assist him. Perhaps, if he divorces you, his Lord will give him in exchange wives better than you: submissive, believing, obedient, penitent, devout, fasting – previously married, or virgins.” (66:3 – 5)

Refutation of Slander upon Ayesha ()

The Munafiqs (hypocrites) of Madinah colored an incident that happened when Ayesha () was returning with Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) from an expedition. At a night stopover she went outside for nature’s call. She was a bit late returning as she had lost her necklace there and was searching for it. After coming back, she found their caravan had already left. She fell in an embarrassing position. It was a common practice of those days that some one of the caravans would have been assigned to search for any valuables left behind. Safwan bin Mu‘attal (), a companion of the Prophet (ﷺ) was entrusted with this job, who found her standing there. When he recognized Ayesha (), he gave her his camel to ride on. He walked on foot and escorted her up to Madinah with due honor. Some Munafiqs plotted to humiliate her. Abdullah bin Ubai, the Munafiqs’ leader, started spreading malice against Ayesha () for riding alone with Safwan (). Almighty Allah rescued them from the false allegation, revealing the truth in the following verses:

وَلَوْلَا فَضْلُ اللهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَتُه وَاَنَّ اللهَ تَوَّابٌ حَكِيْمٌ۝ اِنَّ الَّذِيْنَ جَآءُوْ بِالْاِفْكِ عُصْبَةٌ مِّنْكُمْ لَا تَحْسَبُوْهُ شَرًّا لَّكُمْ بَلْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ لَّكُمْ لِكُلِّ امْرِئٍ مِّنْهُم مَّا اكْتَسَبَ مِنَ الْاِثْمِ وَالَّذِىْ تَوَلّٰى كِبْرَه مِنْهُمْ لَه عَذَابٌ عَظِيْمٌ۝

“Were it not for Allah’s grace upon you, and His mercy, and that Allah is Conciliatory and Wise. Those who perpetrated the slander are a band of you. Do not consider it bad for you, but it is good for you. Each person among them bears his share in the sin. As for him who played the major role – for him is a terrible punishment.” (24:10 – 12)

لَّوْلَاۤ اِذْ سَمِعْتُمُوْهُ ظَنَّ الْمُؤْمِنُوْنَ وَالْمُؤْمِنٰتُ بِاَنْفُسِهِمْ خَيْرًا وَقَالُوْا هٰذَاۤ  اِفْکٌ مُّبِیْنٌ ۝ لَّوْلَا جَآءُوْ عَلَيْهِ بِاَرْبَعَةِ شُهَدَآءَ فَاِذْ لَمْ يَاْتُوْا بِالشُّهَدَآءِ فَاُوْلٰٓئِكَ عِنْدَ اللهِ هُمُ الْكٰذِبُوْنَ۝ وَلَوْلَا فَضْلُ اللهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَتُه فِى الدُّنْيَا  وَالْاٰخِرَةِ  لَمَسَّكُمْ فِىْ  مَآ اَفَضْتُمْ فِيْهِ  عَذَابٌ عَظِيْمٌ ۝  اِذْ تَلَقَّوْنَہٗ بِاَلْسِنَتِکُمْ وَتَقُوْلُوْنَ بِاَفْوَاهِکُمْ مَّا لَیْسَ لَکُمْ بِہٖ عِلْمٌ وَتَحْسَبُوْنَہٗ هَیِّنًا ٭ۖ     وَهُوَ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ عَظِیْمٌ ۝ وَلَوْ لَاۤ اِذْ سَمِعْتُمُوْهُ قُلْتُمْ مَّا یَکُوْنُ لَنَاۤ اَنْ نَّتَكَلَّمَ بِهٰذَا ٭ۖ سُبْحٰنَكَ هٰذَا بُہْتَانٌ عَظِیْمٌ ۝ یَعِظُکُمُ اللّٰهُ اَنْ تَعُوْدُوْا لِمِثْلِہٖۤ اَبَدًا اِنْ کُنْتُمْ مُّؤْمِنِیْنَ

“Why the believing men and women did not think well of one another when you heard about it, and say, ‘This is an obvious lie’? Why have they not presented four witnesses to testify to it? If they fail to bring the witnesses, then in Allah’s sight, they are liars. Were it not for Allah’s favor upon you, and His mercy, in this world and the Hereafter, you would have suffered a great punishment for what you have ventured into. When you rumored it with your tongues, and spoke with your mouths what you had no knowledge of, and you considered it trivial; but according to Allah, it is serious. When you heard it, you should have said, ‘It is not for us to repeat this. By Your glory, this is a serious slander.’ Allah cautions you never to return to the like of it, if you are believers.” (24:12 – 17)

Manners to Enter into the House of Prophet (ﷺ)

اِنَّ الَّذِيْنَ يُنَادُوْنَكَ مِنْ وَرَآءِ الْحُجُرٰتِ اَكْثَرُهُمْ لَا يَعْقِلُوْنَ۝ وَلَوْ اَنَّهُمْ صَبَرُوْا حَتّٰى تَخْرُجَ اِلَيْهِمْ لَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَّهُمْ ^ط وَاللهُ غَفُوْرٌ رَّحِيْمٌ۝

“Indeed, most of those who (loudly) call you from outside compartment-house have lack of understanding. If only they had kept patience until you came out to them, it would have been best for them: but Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.” (49:4 – 5)

یٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا لَا تَدْخُلُوْا بُیُوْتَ النَّبِیِّ اِلَّاۤ اَنْ یُّؤْذَنَ لَکُمْ اِلٰی طَعَامٍ غَیْرَ نٰظِرِیْنَ اِنٰىهُ وَلٰكِنْ اِذَا دُعِیْتُمْ فَادْخُلُوْا فَاِذَا طَعِمْتُمْ فَانْتَشِرُوْا وَلَا مُسْتَاْنِسِیْنَ لِحَدِیْثٍ ؕ  اِنَّ ذٰلِکُمْ كَانَ یُؤْذِی النَّبِیَّ فَیَسْتَحْیٖ مِنْکُمْ ۫  وَاللّٰهُ لَا یَسْتَحْیٖ مِنَ الْحَقِّ ؕ

“O Believers!  Enter not the Prophet’s houses, – until permission is given to you to participate in a meal. Then too not wait for its preparation (by coming early), but when you are called, then enter; and when you have finished your meal, disperse, without engaging in a (lengthy) talk. Indeed this (behavior) annoys the Prophet: he feels shy to tell you, but Allah is not ashamed (to tell you) the truth … (33:53)

Important Events of Life of Muhammad (ﷺ)

Excerpts from Farewell Sermon of Muhammad (ﷺ)

Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) delivered his last epoch-making historical Sermon on the occasion of Hajjul Bi’dah on Friday the 9th of Dhul-Hijjah, 10^th AH (Islamic Calendar Year). The excerpts from this sermon of are cited below:

“All praise is Allah’s. We praise Him, seek His help, ask His forgiveness, and we repent unto Him. We seek refuge in Allah
from the evils of ourselves and our bad actions. Whoever Allah guides none can lead astray, and whomever He leads astray has no one to guide him. I testify that there is no god but Allah alone, without any partner, and I testify that Muhammad is his slave and messenger. I enjoin you, O servants of Allah, to be god-fearing towards Allah, I urge you to obey Him, and I begin with that which best.”

“O people! Hear me well: I explain to you. For I do not know; I may well not meet you again in this place where I now stand, after this year of mine.”

Upholding Human Dignity and Trust

• “O people! Your lives and your property, until the very day you meet your Lord, are as inviolable to each other as the inviolability of this day you are now in and the month you are now in. So let whoever has been given something for safekeeping give it back to the one who gave it.”

Ending Economic Injustice

• “Truly, the usury of the Era of Ignorancehas been laid aside forever, and the first usury I begin with is that which is due to my uncle ‘Abbas ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib.

Ending Hereditary Blood-Vengeance

• And truly the right of blood-vengeance of the Era of Ignorance has been laid aside forever, and the first blood-vengeance we shall start with is that which is due for the blood of (my kinsman) ‘Amir ibn Rabi‘a ibn Harith ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib.

Ending Hereditary Distinctions

• “Truly, the hereditary distinctions that were pretensions to respect in the Era of Ignorance have been laid aside forever, except for the custodianship of the Kaaba(by Bani ‘Abd al-Dar) and the giving of drink to pilgrims (by Al-Abbas).”

Ending Devil’s Worship

• “O people! The Devil has despaired of ever being worshipped in this land of yours, though he is content to be obeyed in other works of yours, that you deem to be of little importance.”
• “Never go back to being unbelievers, smiting each other’s necks, for verily, I have left among you that which if you take it, you will never stray after me: the Book of Allah.”

Ending Racial Discrimination

• “O people! Your Lord is One, and your father is one: all of you are from Adam, and Adam was created from earth. The noblest of you in Allah’s sight is the most god-fearing. No Arab has any superiority over a non-Arab, nor does a non-Arab have any superiority over an Arab. Nor does a white man have any superiority over a black man, or the black man any superiority over the white man other than God-fearing.”

Punishing Deliberate Murderer

• “A deliberate murder is subject to retaliation in kind. An accidental death from a deliberate injury means a death resulting from (something not usually used or intended as a deadly weapon such as) a stick or a rock, for which the indemnity is one hundred camels: whoever asks for more is a person of the Era of Ignorance.”
• “Hurt no one, so that no one may hurt you.”

Inviolability of Sacred Months

• “O people! Postponing the inviolability of a sacred month (claiming to postpone the prohibition of killing in it to a subsequent month, so as to continue warring despite the sacred month’s having arrived) is a surfeit of unbelief, by which those who disbelieve are led astray, making it lawful one year and unlawful in another, in order to match the number (of months) Allah has made inviolable. Time has verily come full turn, to how it was the day Allah created the heavens and the earth. Four months there are which are inviolable, three in a row and forth by itself: Dhul Qa‘da, Dhul Hijja, and Muharram; and Rajab, which lies between Jumada and Sha‘ban.”

Protecting Women Rights and Dignity

• “O people! Verily you owe your women their rights, and they owe you yours. They may not lay with another man in your beds, let anyone into your houses you do not want without your permission, or commit indecency. If they do, Allah has given you leave to debar them, send them from your beds, or (finally) strike them in a way that does no harm. But if they desist, and obey you, then you must provide for them and clothe them fittingly. The women who live with you are like captives, unable to manage for themselves: you took them as a trust from Allah, and enjoyed their sex as lawful through a word (legal ruling) from Allah. So, fear Allah in respect to women, and concern yourselves with their welfare.”

Protection of Property Rights

“O people! Believers are but brothers. No one may take his brother’s property without his full consent.”

Rights to Inherited Property

• “O people! Allah has apportioned to every deserving heir his share of the estate, and no deserving heir may accept a special bequest, and no special bequest may exceed a third of the estate.”

Lineage of Child

• A child’s lineage is that of the (husband who owns the) bed, and adulterers shall be stoned. Whoever claims to be the son of someone besides his father or a bondsman who claims to belong to other than his masters shall bear the curse of Allah and the angels and all men: no deflecting of it or ransom for it shall be accepted from him.”

The Qur’an and Sunnah – Guidance for Humanity

• “O People! No prophet or apostle will come after me and no new faith will be born. Reason well, therefore, O People, and understand words which I convey to you. I leave behind me such a thing, if you follow it, you will never go astray, and that one is the Book of Allah (Qur’an). All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and those to others again; and may the last ones understand my words better than those who listen to me directly. Be my witness, O Allah, that I have conveyed Your message to Your people.” (Sahih Bukhari)

Witness to Conveying Message of Deen (religion)

• “And you would be asked about me (on the Day of Resurrection), (now tell me) what would you say?” They (the audience) said: ‘We will bear witness that you have conveyed (the message), discharged (the Mission of Prophethood) and given wise (sincere) counsel.’ Then the Holy Prophet raised his forefinger towards the sky and pointed it at the people (said three times): “O Allah, be witness, O Allah, be witness, be my witness, O Allah, that I have conveyed Your message to Your people.” (Sahih Muslim).
• “He said, then let whomever is present tell whomever is absent.”

“And peace be upon all of you, and the mercy of Allah.”

The last Verse of the Holy Qur’an: “……Today I have perfected your religion for you, completed My bounties upon you and chosen Islam as your Deen (religion)……” (5:3), was revealed just after the farewell sermon of the Prophet (ﷺ) and he at once recited the verse to the people.

Ref: The Farewell Sermon compiled by Al-Jahiz in the Kitāb al-Bayān wa-al-Tabyīn translated and annotated by Shaikh Nuh Ha Mim Keller.

Non–Muslim VIPs’ comments on Muhammad (ﷺ)

About the greatness and historic achievements of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) we may quote below the comments of few non-Muslim personalities of the world:

• “My choice of Muhammad to lead the list of the world’s most influential persons may surprise some readers and may be questioned by others, but he was the only man in history who was supremely successful on both the religious and secular level.” (The 100: A Ranking of The Most Influential Persons In History, New York, 1978, p. 33 – by Michael H. Hart Professor of astronomy, physics and the history of science.)
• “Philosopher, orator, apostle, legislator, warrior, conqueror of ideas, restorer of rational dogmas, of a cult without images; the founder of twenty terrestrial empires and of one spiritual empire, that is Muhammad. As regards all standards by which human greatness may be measured, we may well ask, is there any man greater than he?” (Histoire De La Turquie, Paris, 1854, vol. II, pp. 276-277 – by Alphonse de Lamartine [1790-1869], French poet and statesman.)
• “…… I believe that if a man like him were to assume dictatorship of the modern world, he would succeed in solving its problems in a way that would bring the much-needed peace and happiness. But to proceed, it was in the nineteenth century that honest thinkers like Carlyle, Gibbon and Goethe perceived intrinsic worth in the religion of Muhammad – already, even, at the present time many of our people have gone to his faith, and Islamization of Europe may be said to have begun.” (Sir George Bernard Shaw said in ‘The Genuine Islam,’ Vol. 1, No. 8, 1936.)
• “……. The Mahomedans have uniformly withstood the temptation of reducing the object of their faith and devotion to a level with the senses and imagination of man. ‘I believe in One God and Mahomed the Apostle of God’ is the simple and invariable profession of Islam. The intellectual image of the Deity has never been degraded by any visible idol; the honors of the Prophet have never transgressed the measure of human virtue, and his living precepts have restrained the gratitude of his disciples within the bounds of reason and religion.” (Edward Gibbon and Simon Oakley in ‘History of the Saracen Empire,’ London, 1870)

“…… if ever any man had the right to say that he ruled by the right divine, it was Mohammed, for he had all the power without its instruments and without its supports.” (Rev. Bosworth Smith, Mohammed, and Mohammedanism, London 1874, p. 92)