The Signs of the Creations of Allah (SWT)
“Indeed, within the heavens and the earth are signs (Ayah) for the believers.” (45:3).
Allah (SWT) is the Creator of the whole universe and everything that exists therein. He, as the Creator, can create anything from nothing. When He wills to create anything, only says ‘be’ and it becomes. The infinite vastness of the mysteries of His Creations is such that it is beyond the capacity of humans’ knowledge to grasp it. In many verses of the Holy Qur’an Allah (SWT) gave beautiful narrations of the signs, purpose, and ultimate goal of His creations. Nothing of His creations is created without purpose. Everything in the whole universe is under His Master Plan inscribed in a Clear Book. (6:59, 11:6, 34:3)
The Qur’an repeatedly warned people against their and their forefathers’ irrational concepts, blind beliefs, and superstitions about Allah and His creations. So, as the Creator of the universe, Allah (SWT) asked them constantly in the Qur’an to look into the signs and evidence of His creations that are spread all over the universe. If they contemplate, their understanding will be rational and evident, and they will be able to realize the mystery of His creations, which in turn, will raise their faith in Allah (SWT) to a level of firm conviction.
The verses related to the above topic are quoted below:
وَيُرِيكُمْ آيَاتِهِ فَأَيَّ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ تُنكِرُونَ
“And He shows you (always) His Signs: then which of the Signs of Allah will ye deny?” (40:81)
اِنَّ فِیْ خَلْقِ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ الْاَرْضِ وَ اخْتِلَافِ الَّیْلِ وَ النَّهَارِ لَاٰیٰتٍ لِّاُولِی الْاَلْبَابِ الَّذِیْنَ یَذْکُرُوْنَ اللّٰهَ قِیٰمًا وَّ قُعُوْدًا وَّ عَلٰی جُنُوْبِهِمْ وَ یَتَفَكَرُوْنَ فِیْ خَلْقِ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ الْاَرْضِ ۚ رَبَّنَا مَا خَلَقْتَ هٰذَا بَاطِلًا ۚ سُبْحٰنَكَ فَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ
“In the creation of the heavens and the earth, and in the alternation of night and day, are signs for people of understanding. Those who remember Allah while standing, and sitting, and on their sides; and they reflect upon the creation of the heavens and the earth (and say): ‘Our Lord, You did not create this in vain, glory to You, so protect us from the punishment of the Fire’.” (3:190 – 191)
وَمَا خَلَقْنَا السَّمَآءَ وَالْاَرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا لٰعِبِيْنَ لَوْ اَرَدْنَآ اَنْ نَّتَّخِذَ لَهْوًا لَّاتَّخَذْنٰهُ مِنْ لَّدُنَّاق اِنْ كُنَّا فٰعِلِيْنَ
“We did not create the sky and the earth and what is between them for funny purposes. If We wanted something amusing, We could have found it within Us, were We to do so.” (21:16 – 17)
وَمَا خَلَقْنَا السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا لٰعِبِيْنَ مَا خَلَقْنٰهُمَآ اِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَلٰكِنَّ اَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُوْنَ
“We did not idly create the heavens and the earth and what is between them. We created them only for a specific purpose, but most of them do not know.” (44:38 – 39)
اِنَّ اللّٰهَ فَالِقُ الْحَبِّ وَ النَّوٰی ؕ یُخْرِجُ الْحَیَّ مِنَ الْمَیِّتِ وَ مُخْرِجُ الْمَیِّتِ مِنَ الْحَیِّ ؕ ذٰلِکُمُ اللّٰهُ فَاَنّٰی تُؤْفَکُوْنَ فَالِقُ الْاِصْبَاحِ ۚ وَجَعَلَ الَّیْلَ سَكَنًا وَّ الشَّمْسَ وَ الْقَمَرَ حُسْبَانًا ؕ ذٰلِكَ تَقْدِیْرُ الْعَزِیْزِ الْعَلِیْمِ وَ هُوَ الَّذِیْ جَعَلَ لَکُمُ النُّجُوْمَ لِتَہْتَدُوْا بِهَا فِیْ ظُلُمٰتِ الْبَرِّ وَ الْبَحْرِ ؕ قَدْ فَصَّلْنَا الْاٰیٰتِ لِقَوْمٍ یَّعْلَمُوْنَ
“It is Allah Who splits the grain and the seed. He brings the living from the dead, and He brings the dead from the living. Such is Allah. So how could you deviate? It is He Who breaks the dawn. And He made the night for rest, and the sun and the moon for calculation. Such is the disposition of the Almighty, the All-Knowing. And it is He Who created the stars for you, that you may be guided by them in the darkness of land and sea. We thus explain the signs for people who know.” (6:95 – 97)
وَهُوَ الَّذِىَ اَنْزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَاء مَاءً ج فَاَخْرَجْنَا بِه نَبَاتَ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ فَاَخْرَجْنَا مِنْهُ خَضِرًا نُّخْرِجُ مِنْهُ حَبًّا مُّتَرَاكِبًا ج وَمِنَ النَّخْلِ مِنَ طَلْعِهَا قِنْوَانٌ دَانِيَةٌ لا وَّجَنَّاتٍ مِّنْ اَعْنَابٍ وَّالزَّيْتُوْنَ وَالرُّمَّانَ مُشْتَبِهًا وَّغَيْرَ مُتَشَابِهٍ ط اُنْظُرُوْا اِلٰى ثَمَرِه اِذَا اَثْمَرَ وَيَنْعِهط اِنَّ فِىْ ذٰلِكُمْ لَاٰيٰاتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يُّؤْمِنُوْنَ
“And it is He who sends down water from the sky. With it, We produce vegetation of all kinds, from which We bring greenery, from which We produce grains in clusters – And palm trees with hanging clusters, and vineyards, and olives, and pomegranates – similar and dissimilar. Watch their fruits as they grow and ripen. Surely in this are signs for people who believe.” (6:98)
مَا خَلَقْنَا السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضَ وَمَا بَیْنَهُمَا اِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَاَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّی
“We created not the heavens and the earth and all between them but for just ends, and for a Term Appointed: But those who reject Faith turn away from that whereof they are warned.” (46:3)
وَمِنْ اٰيٰاتِهِ خَلْقُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْاَرْضِ وَاخْتِلَافُ اَلْسِنَتِكُمْ وَاَلْوَانِكُمْ اِنَّ فِىْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰيٰاتٍ لِّلْعَالِمِيْنَ
“And of His signs is the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the diversity of your languages and colors. In this are signs for those who know.” (30:22)
وَمِنْ اٰيٰتِه مَنَامُكُمْ بِالَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَابْتِغَآؤُكُمْ مِّنْ فَضْلِه اِنَّ فِىْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰيٰتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَّسْمَعُوْنَ
“And of His signs are your sleep by night and day, and your pursuit of His bounty. In this are signs for people who listen.” (30:23)
اَوَ لَمْ یَرَوْا اِلَی الْاَرْضِ كَمْ اَنْۢبَتْنَا فِیْهَا مِنْ کُلِّ زَوْجٍ كَرِیْمٍ اِنَّ فِیْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰیَۃً ؕ وَمَا كَانَ اَکْثَرُ هُمْ مُّؤْمِنِیْنَ
“Do they not look at the earth – how many noble things of all kinds We have produced therein? Verily, in this is a Sign: but most of them do not believe.” (26:7 – 8)
وَكَاَيِّنْ مِّنْ اٰيَةٍ فِى السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضِ يَمُرُّوْنَ عَلَيْهَا وَهُمْ عَنْهَا مُعْرِضُوْنَ
“How many signs in the heavens and the earth do they pass by, paying no attention to them?” (12:105)
وَمِنْ اٰيٰتِه اَنْ خَلَقَ لَكُمْ مِّنْ اَنْفُسِكُمْ اَزْوٰجًا لِّتَسْكُنُوْۤا اِلَيْهَا وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَكُمْ مَّوَدَّةً وَّرَحْمَةً ط اِنَّ فِىْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰيٰتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَّتَفَكَّرُوْنَ
“And of His signs is that He created you from dust; and behold, you become humans spreading out. And of His signs is that He created for you mates from among yourselves, so that you may find tranquility in them; and He planted love and compassion between you. In this are signs for people who reflect.” (30:21)
وَمِنْ اٰيٰتِه يُرِيْكُمُ الْبَرْقَ خَوْفًا وَّطَمَعًا وَّيُنَزِّلُ مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مَآءً فَيُحْى بِه الْاَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَاۤ اِنَّ فِىْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰيٰتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَّعْقِلُوْنَ
“And of His signs is that He shows you the lightning, causing fear and hope. And He brings down water from the sky, and with it, He revives the earth after it is dead. In this are signs for people who understand.” (30:24)
وَمِنْ اٰيٰتِه اَنْ تَقُوْمَ السَّمَآءُ وَالْاَرْضُ بِاَمْرِه ثُمَّ اِذَا دَعَاكُمْ دَعْوَةً مِّنَ الْاَرْضِ اِذَۤا اَنْتُمْ تَخْرُجُوْنَ وَلَه مَنْ فِى السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضِ كُلٌّ لَّه قٰنِتُوْنَ وَهُوَ الَّذِىْ يَبْدَؤُا الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيْدُه وَهُوَ اَهْوَنُ عَلَيْهِ ط وَلَهُ الْمَثَلُ الْاَعْلٰى فِى السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضِ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيْزُ الْحَكِيْمُ
“And of His signs is that heaven and the earth stand at His disposal. And then, when He calls you out of the earth, you will emerge at once. To Him belongs everyone in the heavens and the earth. All are submissive to Him. It is He who initiates creation, and then repeats it, something easy for Him. His is the Mighty, the Wise.” (30:25 – 27)
اِنَّ فِىْ خَلْقِ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضِ وَاخْتِلٰفِ الَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَالْفُلْكِ الَّتِىْ تَجْرِىْ فِى الْبَحْرِ بِمَا يَنْفَعُ النَّاسَ وَمَاۤ اَنْزَلَ اللهُ مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مِنْ مَّاۤءٍ فَاَحْيَا بِهِ الْاَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا وَبَثَّ فِيْهَا مِنْ كُلِّ دَآبَّةٍ وَّتَصْرِيْفِ الرِّيٰحِ وَالسَّحَابِ الْمُسَخَّرِ بَيْنَ السَّمَآءِ وَالْاَرْضِ لَاٰيٰتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُوْنَ
“In the creation of the heavens and the earth; in the alternation of night and day; in the ships that sail the oceans for the benefit of mankind; in the water that Allah sends down from the sky, and revives the earth with it after it had died, and scatters in it all kinds of creatures; in the changing of the winds, and the clouds disposed between the sky and the earth; are signs for people who understand.” (2:164)
وَاٰيَةٌ لَّهُمُ الْاَرْضُ الْمَيْتَةُ اَحْيَيْنٰهَا وَاَخْرَجْنَا مِنْهَا حَبًّا فَمِنْهُ يَاْكُلُوْنَ وَجَعَلْنَا فِيْهَا جَنّٰتٍ مِّنْ نَّخِيْلٍ وَاَعْنٰبٍ وَّفَجَّرْنَا فِيْهَا مِنَ الْعُيُوْنِ لِيْاْكُلُوْا مِنْ ثَمَرِه وَمَا عَمِلَتْهُ اَيْدِيْهِمْ اَفَلَا يَشْكُرُوْنَ سُبْحٰنَ الَّذِىْ خَلَقَ الْاَزْوٰجَ كُلَّهَا مِمَّا تُنۢبِتُ الْاَرْضُ وَمِنْ اَنْفُسِهِمْ وَمِمَّا لَا يَعْلَمُوْنَ
“And there is a sign for them in the dead land: We give it life, and produce from it grains from which they eat. And We place in it gardens of palm trees and vines, and cause springs to gush out of it. That they may eat from its fruits, although their hands did not make it. Will they not be appreciative? Glory be to Him who created all the pairs; of what the earth produces, and of their selves, and of what they do not know.” (36:33 – 36)
اَللهُ الَّذِىْ سَخَّرَ لَكُمُ الْبَحْرَ لِتَجْرِىَ الْفُلْكُ فِيْهِ بِاَمْرِه وَلِتَبْتَغُوْا مِنْ فَضْلِه وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُوْنَ وَسَخَّرَ لَكُمْ مَّا فِى السَّمٰوٰتِ وَمَا فِى الْاَرْضِ جَمِيْعًا مِّنْهُ اِنَّ فِىْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰيٰتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُوْنَ
“It is Allah who placed the sea at your service, so that ships may ply by His command, and that you may seek His bounty, and that you may give thanks. And He placed at your service whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on earth – all are from Him. Those are signs for people who think.” (45:12 – 13)
وَاٰيَةٌ لَّهُمُ الَّيْلُ نَسْلَخُ مِنْهُ النَّهَارَ فَاِذَا هُمْ مُّظْلِمُوْنَ وَالشَّمْسُ تَجْرِى لِمُسْتَقَرٍّ لَّهَا ذٰلِكَ تَقْدِيْرُ الْعَزِيْزِ الْعَلِيْمِ وَالْقَمَرَ قَدَّرْنٰهُ مَنَازِلَ حَتّٰى عَادَ كَالْعُرْجُوْنِ الْقَدِيْمِ لَا الشَّمْسُ يَنْۢبَغِىْ لَهَاۤ اَنْ تُدْرِكَ الْقَمَرَ وَلَا الَّيْلُ سَابِقُ النَّهَارِ وَكُلٌّ فِىْ فَلَكٍ يَّسْبَحُوْنَ وَاٰيَةٌ لَّهُمْ اَنَّا حَمَلْنَا ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ فِى الْفُلْكِ الْمَشْحُوْنِ وَخَلَقْنَا لَهُمْ مِّنْ مِّثْلِه مَا يَرْكَبُوْنَ
“Another sign for them is the night: We strip the day out of it—and they are in darkness. And the sun moves towards its destined route of destination. Such is the design of the Almighty, the All-Knowing. And the moon: We have disposed of it in phases until it returns like the old twig. The sun is not to overtake the moon, nor is the night to outpace the day. Each of them floats in an orbit. Another sign for them is that We carried their offspring in laden Ark. And We created for them the like of it, in which they ride.” (36:37 – 42)
وَمِنْ اٰيٰتِه اَنْ يُّرْسِلَ الرِّيْاحَ مُبَشِّرٰتٍ وَلِيُذِيْقَكُمْ مِّنْ رَّحْمَتِه وَلِتَجْرِىَ الْفُلْكُ بِاَمْرِه وَلِتَبْتَغُوْا مِنْ فَضْلِه وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُوْنَ
“And of His signs is that He sends the winds bearing good news, to give you a taste of His mercy, and so that the ships may sail by His command, and so that you may seek His bounty, and so that you may give thanks.” (30:46)
اِنَّ فِى السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضِ لَاٰيٰتٍ لِّلْمُؤْمِنِيْنَ وَفِىْ خَلْقِكُمْ وَمَا يَبُثُّ مِنْ دَآبَّةٍ اٰيٰتٌ لِّقَوْمٍ يُّوْقِنُوْنَ وَاخْتِلٰفِ الَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَمَاۤ اَنْزَلَ اللهُ مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مِنْ رِّزْقٍ فَاَحْيَا بِهِ الْاَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا وَتَصْرِيْفِ الرِّيٰحِ اٰيٰتٌ لِّقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُوْنَ
“In the heavens and the earth are proofs for the believers. And in your own creation, and in the creatures scattered all around, are signs for people of firm faith. And in the alternation of night and day, and in the sustenance, Allah sends down from the sky, with which He revives the earth after its death, and in the circulation of the winds, are marvels for people who reason.” (45:3 – 5)
اَللهُ الَّذِىْ جَعَلَ لَكُمُ الْاَنْعٰمَ لِتَرْكَبُوْا مِنْهَا وَمِنْهَا تَاْكُلُوْنَ وَلَكُمْ فِيْهَا مَنَافِعُ وَلِتَبْلُغُوْا عَلَيْهَا حَاجَةً فِىْ صُدُوْرِكُمْ وَعَلَيْهَا وَعَلَى الْفُلْكِ تُحْمَلُوْنَ وَيُرِيْكُمْ اٰيٰتِه فَاَىَّ اٰيٰتِ اللهِ تُنْكِرُوْنَ
“Allah is He who created the domestic animals for you – some for you to ride, and some you eat. And in them you have other benefits as well, and through them you satisfy your needs. And on them, and on the ships, you are transported. And He shows you, His signs. So, which of Allah’s signs will you deny?” (40:79 – 81)
اَللهُ الَّذِىْ يُرْسِلُ الرِّيٰحَ فَتُثِيْرُ سَحَابًا فَيَبْسُطُه فِى السَّمَآءِ كَيْفَ يَشَآءُ وَيَجْعَلُه كِسَفًا فَتَرَى الْوَدْقَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ خِلٰلِه فَاِذَۤا اَصَابَ بِه مَنْ يَّشَآءُ مِنْ عِبَادِه اِذَا هُمْ يَسْتَبْشِرُوْنَ وَاِنْ كَانُوْا مِنْ قَبْلِ اَنْ يُّنَزَّلَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِّنْ قَبْلِه لَمُبْلِسِيْنَ فَانْظُرْ اِلٰىۤ اٰثٰرِ رَحْمَتِ اللهِ كَيْفَ يُحْىِ الْاَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَاۤ اِنَّ ذٰلِكَ لَمُحْىِ الْمَوْتٰى وَهُوْ عَلٰى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيْرٌ
“Allah is He who sends the winds. They stir up clouds. Then He spreads them in the sky as He wills. And He breaks them apart. Then you see raindrops issuing from their midst. Then, when He makes it fall upon whom He wills of His servants, behold, they rejoice. Although they were in despair before this and before it was sent down upon them. So, observe the effects of Allah’s mercy—how He revives the earth after it was dead. Indeed, He is the Reviver of the dead. He is Capable of everything.” (30:48 – 50)
وَجَعَلْنَا الَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ اٰيَتَيْنِ فَمَحَوْنَاۤ اٰيَةَ الَّيْلِ وَجَعَلْنَاۤ اٰيَةَ النَّهَارِ مُبْصِرَةً لِّتَبْتَغُوْا فَضْلًا مِّنْ رَّبِّكُمْ وَلِتَعْلَمُوْا عَدَدَ السِّنِيْنَ وَالْحِسَابَ وَكُلَّ شَىْءٍ فَصَّلْنٰهُ تَفْصِيْلًا
“We have made the night and the day – two signs. We darkened the sign of the night, and made the sign of the day beaming, that you may seek bounty from your Lord, and know the number of years, and the calculation. We have explained all things in detail.” (17:12)
اِنَّ رَبَّكُمُ اللهُ الَّذِىْ خَلَقَ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضَ فِىْ سِتَّةِ اَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ اسْتَوٰى عَلَى الْعَرْشِ يُدَبِّرُ الْاَمْرَ مَا مِنْ شَفِيْعٍ اِلَّا مِنْۢ بَعْدِ اِذْنِه ذٰلِكُمُ اللهُ رَبُّكُمْ فَاعْبُدُوْهُ اَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُوْنَ
“Verily your Lord is Allah, who created the heavens and the earth in six days, then settled over the Throne, governing all things. There is no intercessor except after His permission. Such is Allah, your Lord—so serve Him. Will you not reflect?” (10:3)
هُوَ الَّذِىْ جَعَلَ الشَّمْسَ ضِيْاۤءً وَّالْقَمَرَ نُوْرًا وَّقَدَّرَه مَنَازِلَ لِتَعْلَمُوْا عَدَدَ السِّنِيْنَ وَالْحِسَابَ مَا خَلَقَ اللهُ ذٰلِكَ اِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ يُفَصِّلُ الْاٰيٰتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَّعْلَمُوْنَ اِنَّ فِى اخْتِلٰفِ الَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَمَا خَلَقَ اللهُ فِى السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضِ لَاٰيٰتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَتَّقُوْنَ
It is He who made the sun radiant, and the moon a light, and determined phases for it—that you may know the number of years and the calculation. Allah did not create all this except with truth. He details the revelations for a people who know. In the alternation of night and day, and in what Allah created in the heavens and the earth, are signs for people who are aware.” (10:5-6)
سَاَصْرِفُ عَنْ اٰيٰتِىَ الَّذِيْنَ يَتَكَبَّرُوْنَ فِى الْاَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ وَاِنْ يَّرَوْا كُلَّ اٰيَةٍ لَّا يُؤْمِنُوْا بِهَا وَاِنْ يَّرَوْا سَبِيْلَ الرُّشْدِ لَا يَتَّخِذُوْهُ سَبِيْلًا وَاِنْ يَّرَوْا سَبِيْلَ الْغَىِّ يَتَّخِذُوْهُ سَبِيْلًا ذٰلِكَ بِاَنَّهُمْ كَذَّبُوْا بِاٰيٰتِنَا وَكَانُوْا عَنْهَا غٰفِلِيْنَ وَالَّذِيْنَ كَذَّبُوْا بِاٰيٰتِنَا وَلِقَآءِ الْاٰخِرَةِ حَبِطَتْ اَعْمٰلُهُمْ هَلْ يُجْزَوْنَ اِلَّا مَا كَانُوْا يَعْمَلُوْنَ
“I will turn away from My signs those who behave proudly on earth without justification. Even if they see every sign, they will not believe in it; and if they see the path of rectitude, they will not adopt it for a path; and if they see the path of error, they will adopt it for a path. That is because they denied Our signs, and paid no attention to them. Those who deny Our signs and the meeting of the Hereafter—their deeds will come to nothing. Will they be repaid except according to what they used to do? (7:146 – 147)
The Magnificent Creativity of Allah (SWT)
The splendid creative skills of Almighty Allah are manifested in His creations all over the heavens and earth. The knowledgeable servants of Allah (SWT) reflect on His creations with gratitude, saying: “…. Our Lord, You have not created all these in vain’.” (3:191). Allah’s creations are superb, subtle, skillful, and diverse. There is no parallel in His magnanimous power, infinite competence, unique skills, and diverse creativity. Allah (SWT) has superb names and attributes relating to His creative aspect, which are: ‘Al-Khaliq’ (the Creator), ‘Al-Bari’ (the Maker), ‘Al-Musawwir’ (the Fashioner), ‘Al-Fatir’ (the Bringer into Existence), ‘Al-Badi’ (the Originator). All these attributes express the sublimity, significance, and scale of His creativity.
Allah (SWT) repeatedly calls upon humans to observe the wonders of His creations. He says: “Roam the earth, and see how He originated the creation. Then Allah will bring about the next existence. Allah has power over all things.” (29:20). The ever-expanding space with the twinkling of innumerable stars, galaxies, and nebulas in the endless skies, the vast panoramic beauty of earthly nature, the alteration of day and night, and the mind-blowing rotation of the seasons – all these supernatural phenomena and signs uphold the truth that there is a Creator, the Most-Wise, the Originator of the heavens and the earth. Humankind will be able to explore through in-depth observation an All-Pervading mind behind all these signs.
Allah (SWT) has given examples of His creative attributes in many verses as given below:
اَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا كَيْفَ يُبْدِئُ اللهُ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيْدُهط اِنَّ ذٰلِكَ عَلَى اللهِ يَسِيْرٌ قُلْ سِيْرُوْا فِى الْاَرْضِ فَانْظُرُوْا كَيْفَ بَدَاَ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ اللهُ يُنْشِئُ النَّشْاَةَ الْاٰخِرَةَ اِنَّ اللهَ عَلٰى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيْرٌ
“Have they not seen how Allah originates the creation, and then reproduces it? This is easy for Allah. Say, ‘Roam the earth, and observe how He originated the creation.’ Then Allah will bring about the next existence. Allah has power over all things.” (29:19 – 20)
خَلَقَ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضَ بِالْحَقِّ تَعٰلٰى عَمَّا يُشْرِكُوْنَ
“He created the heavens and the earth truly. He is exalted above the associations they attribute.” (16:3)
اِنَّا كُلَّ شَىْءٍ خَلَقْنٰهُ بِقَدَرٍ وَّمَاۤ اَمْرُنَاۤ اِلَّا وَاحِدَةٌ كَلَمْحٍۭ بِالْبَصَرِ
“Everything We created is precisely measured. And Our command is but once, like the twinkling of an eye.” (54:49 – 50)
اَلَّذِىْ خَلَقَ سَبْعَ سَمٰوٰتٍ طِبَاقًا مَّا تَرٰى فِىْ خَلْقِ الرَّحْمٰنِ مِنْ تَفٰوُتٍ فَارْجِعِ الْبَصَرَ هَلْ تَرٰى مِنْ فُطُوْرٍ ثُمَّ ارْجِعِ الْبَصَرَ كَرَّتَيْنِ يَنْقَلِبْ اِلَيْكَ الْبَصَرُ خَاسِئًا وَّهُوْ حَسِيْرٌ
“He has created seven heavens in layers. You see no discrepancy in the creation of the Compassionate (Allah). Look again. Can you see any cracks? Then look again, and again, and your sight will return to you vain and exhausted.” (67:3 – 4)
هُوَ الَّذِىْ خَلَقَ لَكُمْ مَّا فِى الْاَرْضِ جَمِيْعًا ثُمَّ اسْتَوٰۤى اِلَى السَّمَآءِ فَسَوّٰىهُنَّ سَبْعَ سَمٰوٰتٍ وَهُوْ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيْمٌ
“It is He who created for you everything on earth, then turned to heaven, and made them seven heavens. And He is aware of all things.” (2:29)
خَلَقَ السَّمٰوٰتِ بِغَيْرِ عَمَدٍ تَرَوْنَهَا وَاَلْقٰى فِى الْاَرْضِ رَوٰسِىَ اَنْ تَمِيْدَ بِكُمْ وَبَثَّ فِيْهَا مِنْ كُلِّ دَآبَّةٍ وَاَنْزَلْنَا مِنْ السَّمَآءِ مَاۤءً فَاَنْۢبَتْنَا فِيْهَا مِنْ كُلِّ زَوْجٍ كَرِيْمٍ
“He created the heavens without pillars that you see, and placed mountains (as stabilizers) on earth lest it swings with you, and scattered throughout it all kinds of creatures. And from the sky We sent down water, and caused it to grow therein every beneficial plant.” (31:10)
اَللهُ يَبْدَؤُا الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيْدُه ثُمَّ اِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُوْنَ
“Allah originates creation, and then repeats it. Then to Him you will be returned.” (30:11)
اِنَّہٗ عَلٰی رَجْعِہٖ لَقَادِرٌ
“Surely, He (Allah) is able to bring him back (to life)!” (86:8)
وَسَخَّر لَكُمُ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ دَآئِبَينَ وَسَخَّرَ لَكُمُ اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ
“And He (Allah) has subjected the sun and the moon to you, both diligently pursuing their courses; and He has (also) made subject to you the night and the day.” (14:13)
وَهُوَ الَّذِىْ مَرَجَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ هٰذَا عَذْبٌ فُرَاتٌ وَّهٰذَا مِلْحٌ اُجَاجٌ وَّجَعَلَ بَيْنَهُمَا بَرْزَخًا وَّحِجْرًا مَّحْجُوْرًا
“And it is He who merged the two seas (flow side by side); one fresh and sweet, and another one salty and bitter; He placed between them a barrier, and an impregnable veil (so that they remain unmixed).” (25:53)
وَهُوَ الَّذِىْ خَلَقَ مِنْ الْمَآءِ بَشَرًا فَجَعَلَه نَسَبًا وَّصِهْرًا ط وَكَانَ رَبُّكَ قَدِيْرًا
“And it is He who created the human being from fluid (semen). Then He made genealogical, matrimonial and blood relationships (through marriage and mating). Your Lord is Omnipotent.” (25:54)
تَبَارَكَ الَّذِىْ جَعَلَ فِى السَّمَآءِ بُرُوْجًا وَّجَعَلَ فِيْهَا سِرٰجًا وَّقَمَرًا مُّنِيْرًا وَهُوَ الَّذِىْ جَعَلَ الَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ خِلْفَةً لِّمَنْ اَرَادَ اَنْ يَّذَّكَّرَ اَوْ اَرَادَ شُكُوْرًا
“Blessed is He who placed constellations in the sky, and placed in it a lamp (sun), and an illuminating moon. And it is He who made the night and the day alternate—for whoever desires to reflect, or desires to show gratitude.” (25:61 – 62)
اِنَّ اللهَ يُمْسِكُ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضَ اَنْ تَزُوْلَا ج وَلَئِنْ زَالَتَاۤ اِنْ اَمْسَكَهُمَا مِنْ اَحَدٍ مِّنْۢ بَعْدِه ط اِنَّه كَانَ حَلِيْمًا غَفُوْرًا
“Verily Allah holds (firmly) the heavens and the earth, lest they fall apart. And were they to fall apart, there is none to hold them together except He. He is Most Clement, Most Forgiving.” (35:41)
يُقَلِّبُ اللهُ الَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ اِنَّ فِىْ ذٰلِكَ لَعِبْرَةً لِّاُوْلِى الْاَبْصٰرِ وَاللهُ خَلَقَ كُلَّ دَآبَّةٍ مِّنْ مَّآءٍ فَمِنْهُمْ مَّنْ يَّمْشِىْ عَلٰى بَطْنِه وَمِنْهُمْ مَّنْ يَّمْشِىْ عَلٰى رِجْلَيْنِ وَمِنْهُمْ مَّنْ يَّمْشِى عَلٰۤى اَرْبَعٍ يَّخْلُقُ اللهُ مَا يَشَآءُ ط اِنَّ اللهَ عَلٰى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيْرٌ
“Allah alternates the night and the day. In that, there is a lesson for those who have insight. Allah created every living creature from water. Some of them crawl on their bellies, and some walk on two feet, and others walk on four. Allah creates whatever He wills. Allah is Capable of everything.” (24:44 – 45)
قُلْ هُوَ الَّذِیْۤ اَنْشَاَکُمْ وَجَعَلَ لَکُمُ السَّمْعَ وَالْاَبْصَارَ وَالْاَفْـِٕدَۃَ ؕ قَلِیْلًا مَّا تَشْکُرُوْنَ
“(O Prophet) Say: It is He Who has created you (and made you grow), and made for you the faculties of hearing, seeing, feeling and understanding: little is the gratitude that you show.” (67:23)
اَوَ لَمْ یَرَوْا اِلَی الطَّیْرِ فَوْقَهُمْ صٰٓفّٰتٍ وَیَقْبِضْنَ ؔۘؕ مَا یُمْسِکُهُنَّ اِلَّا الرَّحْمٰنُ ؕ اِنَّہٗ بِکُلِّ شَیْءٍۭ بَصِیْرٌ
“Have they not seen the birds flying above them, spreading their wings, and folding them? None holds them except the Compassionate. He is the All-Seeing.” (67:19)
اَلَمْ تَرَ اَنَّ اللهَ انْزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مَآءً فَاَخْرَجْنَا بِه ثَمَرٰتٍ مُّخْتَلِفًا اَلْوٰنُهَا وَمِنَ الْجِبَالِ جُدَدٌۢ بِيْضٌ وَحُمْرٌ مُّخْتَلِفٌ اَلْوٰنُهَا وَغَرَابِيْبُ سُوْدٌ وَّمِنْ النَّاسِ وَالدَّوَآبِّ وَالْاَنْعٰمِ مُخْتَلِفٌ اَلْوٰنُه كَذٰلِكَ ط اِنَّمَا يَخْشَى اللهَ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ الْعُلَمٰٓؤُا ط اِنَّ اللهَ عَزِيْزٌ غَفُوْرٌ
“Have you not seen that Allah sends down water from the sky? With it We produce fruits of various colors (and of different tastes). And in the mountains are ravines of varying colors – white to red and some extreme black. Likewise, human beings, animals, and livestock come in various colors. From among His servants, the learned fear Allah. Allah is Almighty, Oft-Forgiving.” (35:27 – 28)
اَلَمْ تَرَ اِلٰى رَبِّكَ كَيْفَ مَدَّ الظِّلَّ وَلَوْ شَآءَ لَجَعَلَه سَاكِنًا ج ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَا الشَّمْسَ عَلَيْهِ دَلِيْلًا ثُمَّ قَبَضْنٰهُ اِلَيْنَا قَبْضًا يَّسِيْرًا وَهُوَ الَّذِىْ جَعَلَ لَكُمُ الَّيْلَ لِبَاسًا وَّالنَّوْمَ سُبَاتًا وَّجَعَلَ النَّهَارَ نُشُوْرًا وَهُوَ الَّذِىۤ اَرْسَلَ الرِّيٰحَ بُشْرًۢا بَيْنَ يَدَىْ رَحْمَتِه وَاَنْزَلْنَا مِنْ السَّمَآءِ مَآءً طَهُوْرًا لِّنُحْىَ بِه بَلْدَةً مَّيْتًا وَّنُسْقِيْه مِمَّا خَلَقْنَاۤ اَنْعٰمًا وَاَنَاسِىَّ كَثِيْرًا وَلَقَدْ صَرَّفْنٰهُ بَيْنَهُمْ لِيَذَّكَّرُوْا فَاَبٰۤى اَكْثَرُ النَّاسِ اِلَّا كُفُوْرًا
“Do you not see how your Lord extends the shadow? Had He willed, He could have made it still. And We made the sun a pointer to it. Then We withdraw it towards Us gradually. And it is He who made the night a covering for you and sleeping for rest; and He made the day a revival (for work). And it is He who sends the winds, bringing advance news of His mercy; and We send down from the sky pure water. To revive dead lands thereby, and to provide drink for the multitude of animals and humans We created. We have certainly supplied it among them in different ways, that they may reflect, but most people persist in ungratefulness.” (25:45 – 50)
وَلَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْاِنْسٰنَ مِنْ سُلٰلَةٍ مِّنْ طِيْنٍ ثُمَّ جَعَلْنٰهُ نُطْفَةً فِىْ قَرَارٍ مَّكِيْنٍ ثُمَّ خَلَقْنَا النُّطْفَةَ عَلَقَةً فَخَلَقْنَا الْعَلَقَةَ مُضْغَةً فَخَلَقْنَا الْمُضْغَةَ عِظٰمًا فَكَسَوْنَا الْعِظٰمَ لَحْمًا ق ثُمَّ اَنشَاْنٰهُ خَلْقًا اٰخَرَ ط فَتَبَارَكَ اللهُ احْسَنُ الْخٰلِقِيْنَ ثُمَّ اِنَّكُم بَعْدَ ذٰلِكَ لَمَيِّتُوْنَ ثُمَّ اِنَّكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيْٰمَةِ تُبْعَثُوْنَ
“We created man from the substance of clay. Then We made him a semen, in a secure repository. Then We developed the sperm into a clot. Then We developed the clot into a lump. Then We developed the lump into bones. Then We clothed the bones with flesh. Then We fashioned it into a new type of creature. Most Blessed is Allah, the Best of Creators. Then, after that, you will die. Then, on the Day of Qiyamah, you will be resurrected.” (23:12 – 16)
اَوَ لَمْ یَرَ الْاِنْسَانُ اَنَّا خَلَقْنٰهُ مِنْ نُّطْفَۃٍ فَاِذَا هُوَ خَصِیْمٌ مُّبِیْنٌ وَضَرَبَ لَنَا مَثَلًا وَنَسِیَ خَلْقَہٗ ؕ قَالَ مَنْ یُّحْیِ الْعِظَامَ وَ هِیَ رَمِیْمٌ قُلْ یُحْیِیْهَا الَّذِیْۤ اَنْشَاَهَاۤ اَوَّلَ مَرَّۃٍ ؕ وَ هُوَ بِکُلِّ خَلْقٍ عَلِیْمُۨ
“Does the human-being not consider that We created him from a semen? Yet he becomes a fierce adversary. And he produces arguments against Us, and he forgets his own creation. He says, ‘Who will revive the bones when they have decayed?’ Say, ‘He who initiated them in the first instance will revive them. He has full knowledge of every creation’.” (36:77 – 79)
اَلَّذِىْ جَعَلَ لَكُمْ مِّنَ الشَّجَرِ الْاَخْضَرِ نَارًا فَاِذَۤا اَنْتُمْ مِّنْهُ تُوْقِدُوْنَ اَوَلَيْسَ الَّذِىْ خَلَقَ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضَ بِقٰدِرٍ عَلٰۤى اَنْ يَّخْلُقَ مِثْلَهُمْ بَلٰى ق وَهُوَ الْخَلّٰقُ الْعَلِيْمُ اِنَّمَاۤ اَمْرُه اِذَاۤ اَرَادَ شَيْـًٔا اَنْ يَّقُوْلَ لَه كُنْ فَيَكُوْنُ فَسُبْحٰنَ الَّذِىْ بِيْدِه مَلَكُوْتُ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ وَاِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُوْنَ
“(It is) He who produces fuel for you from the green trees, with which you kindle a fire. Is not He who created the heavens and the earth able to create the like of them? Certainly, He is the Supreme All-Knowing Creator. When He wills anything, His only command is to say to it, ‘Be’, and it comes into being. So, glory be to Him in whose hand is the dominion of everything, and to Him you will be returned.” (36:89 – 83)
اَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا اَنَّا خَلَقْنَا لَهُمْ مِّمَّا عَمِلَتْ اَيْدِيْنَاۤ اَنْعٰمًا فَهُمْ لَهَا مٰلِكُوْنَ وَذَلَّلْنٰهَا لَهُمْ فَمِنْهَا رَكُوْبُهُمْ وَمِنْهَا يَاْكُلُوْنَ وَلَهُمْ فِيْهَا مَنَافِعُ وَمَشَارِبُ اَفَلَا يَشْكُرُوْنَ
“Have they not seen that We created for them, with Our Hand livestock that they own? And then We have made these subdued to them. Some they ride, and some they eat. And they have in them many other benefits, and drinks. Yet, why not they show gratitude?” (36:71 – 73)
اَلَمْ نَجْعَلِ الْاَرْضَ مِهٰدًا وَّالْجِبَالَ اَوْتَادًا وَّخَلَقْنٰكُمْ اَزْوَاجًا وَّجَعَلْنَا نَوْمَكُمْ سُبَاتًا وَّجَعَلْنَا الَّيْلَ لِبَاسًا وَّجَعَلْنَا النَّهَارَ مَعَاشًا وَّبَنَيْنَا فَوْقَكُمْ سَبْعًا
شِدَادًا وَّجَعَلْنَا سِرَاجًا وَهَّاجًا وَّاَنْزَلْنَا مِنْ الْمُعْصِرٰتِ مَآءً ثَجَّاجًا لِّنُخْرِجَ بِه حَبًّا وَنَبَاتًا وَّجَنّٰتٍ اَلْفَافًا
“Did We not make the earth (like) a cradle? And the mountains (like) pegs? And created you in pairs? And made your sleep for rest? And made the night a cover? And made the day for livelihood? And built above you seven strong ones (heavens)? And placed a blazing lamp (sun)? And brought down from the clouds pouring water? – To produce with it grains and vegetation? – And luxuriant gardens? (78:6 – 16)
فَلْيَنْظُرِ الْاِنْسَانُ اِلَى طَعَامِهِ اَنَّا صَبَبْنَا الْمَاءَ صَبًّا ثُمَّ شَقَقْنَا الْاَرْضَ شَقًّا فَاَنْۢبَتْنَا فِيْهَا حَبًّا وَعِنَبًا وَّقَضْبًا وَزَيْتُونًا وَّنَخْلًا وَحَدَائِقَ غُلْبًا وَفَاكِهَةً وَّاَبًّا مَّتَاعًا لَّكُمْ وَلِاَنْعَامِكُمْ
“Let man consider his food (how it passes different stages to become eatable). We pour down water in abundance. Then the soil cracks open. And (you) grow grains in it – And grapes and vegetables – And olives and dates – And dense gardens. And fruits and fodder (pastures); for your benefit, and for your livestock.” (80:24 – 32)
وَ فِی الْاَرْضِ قِطَعٌ مُّتَجٰوِرٰتٌ وَجَنّٰتٌ مِّنْ اَعْنَابٍ وَزَرْعٌ وَنَخِیْلٌ صِنْوَانٌ وَّغَیْرُ صِنْوَانٍ یُّسْقٰی بِمَآءٍ وَّاحِدٍ وَنُفَضِّلُ بَعْضَهَا عَلٰی بَعْضٍ فِی الْاُکُلِ ؕ اِنَّ فِیْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰیٰتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ یَّعْقِلُوْنَ
“On earth are adjacent terrains (for diverse cropping), and gardens of vines, and harvests, and date-palms, from the same root or from distinct roots, irrigated with the same water. We make some taste better than others. In that there are proofs for people who reason.’ (13:4)
فَاطِرُ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضِ جَعَلَ لَكُم مِنْ اَنْفُسِكُمْ اَزْوٰجًا وَّمِنْ الْاَنْعٰمِ اَزْوٰجًا يَّذْرَؤُكُمْ فِيْهِ لَيْسَ كَمِثْلِه شَىْءٌ وَهُوَ السَّمِيْعُ الْبَصِيْرُ لَه مَقَالِيْدُ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضِ يَبْسُطُ الرِّزْقَ لِمَنْ يَّشَآءُ وَيَقْدِرُ اِنَّه بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيْمٌ
“(Allah is the) Originator of the heavens and the earth. He made for you mates from among yourselves, and pairs of animals, by means of which He multiplies your progenies. There is nothing like Him. He is the Hearing – the Seeing. To Him belongs the key of the heavens and the earth. He spreads the bounties to whomever He wills, or limits it. He is the All-Wise.” (42:11 – 12)
ءَاَنْتُمْ اَشَدُّ خَلْقًا اَمِ السَّمَآءُ ؕ بَنٰهَا رَفَعَ سَمْكَهَا فَسَوّٰىهَا وَاَغْطَشَ لَیْلَهَا وَاَخْرَجَ ضُحٰهَا وَالْاَرْضَ بَعْدَ ذٰلِكَ دَحٰىهَا اَخْرَجَ مِنْهَا مَآءَهَا وَ مَرْعٰهَا وَالْجِبَالَ اَرْسٰهَا مَتَاعًا لَّکُمْ وَ لِاَنْعَامِکُمْ
“Is it harder to create you, or the heavens – which He built? He raised its canopy and fashioned it perfectly. And He darkened its night, and exposed its daylight. And thereafter He spread it (earth) out. And from it, He extracted its water and its pasture. And the mountains, He anchored – A source of benefit for you and for your animals.” (79:27 – 33)
وَتَرَی الْجِبَالَ تَحْسَبُهَا جَامِدَۃً وَّهِیَ تَمُرُّ مَرَّ السَّحَابِ ؕ صُنْعَ اللّٰهِ الَّذِیْۤ اَتْقَنَ کُلَّ شَیْءٍ ؕ اِنَّہٗ خَبِیْرٌۢ بِمَا تَفْعَلُوْنَ
“And you see the mountains, and think them immovable, yet (on that day) they will be mobile, as the passing of the clouds. (it is) the artistic skill of Allah, who has perfected everything. He is Abreast of what you do. (27:88)
لَخَلْقُ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضِ اَكْبَرُ مِنْ خَلْقِ النَّاسِ وَلٰكِنَّ اَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُوْنَ
“Certainly, the creation of the heavens and the earth is greater than the creation of humans, but most people do not know.” (40:57)
Scientific Truth about Creations of Allah (SWT)
“By the Qur’an, full of Wisdom.” (36:1 – 2)
The Qur’an is neither a book of myth nor a book of science, but it is a Book of Signs of Allah (SWT) and His infinite wisdom. In the description of His Signs of magnificent creations, He revealed many truths and facts about the formation of the heavens and earth, the origin of life, and the creation of humans, plants, and animals. Modern advanced research and discoveries about the creation of the universe have found scientific truths in the related verses of the Qur’an.
Modern scientists explain the origin and evolution of the universe through the theory of “Big Bang.” It describes how the universe came into existence out of an explosion of sorts that occurred to disperse galaxies and celestial bodies, creating time and space, and expanding from an initial state of high density and temperature. According to this theory, the universe started as just a single point, and then it has been constantly expanding and stretching to grow as large as it is now, i.e., it is ever growing with endless time. When the universe began with the Big Bang, it was just hot, tiny particles mixed with light and energy. It took up more space and then cooled down during the expansion process. Over a long period, atoms of these particles joined together to form stars and galaxies.
With the passing of time and the latest advancement in science and technology, many modern scientific discoveries are very often found to be changing. That does not lead to absolute certainty. The scientific knowledge at the time of the Qur’an’s revelation in the seventh century was insignificant to explain the facts about such vital issues of creation. But the facts revealed in the Qur’an at that time on the creation of the universe have no inconsistencies, as these are the words of the Creator Allah (SWT).
The development of science is a continuous process that needs thoughtful contemplation. It is human nature that when people cannot understand a matter by their conventional knowledge, they hesitate to believe that. In this regard the Qur’an says: “Indeed, they imposed falsehood on that matter which they could not grasp by their knowledge.” (10:39). The scientific knowledge of human beings is limited. As Allah says: “….and they cannot grasp any of His knowledge, except as He wills.” (2:255). So, it is quite natural that some verses of the Qur’an might still remain beyond humans’ conception because of their lack of knowledge and understanding. By the grace of Allah (SWT), humans’ knowledge and experience are gradually developing with the passage of time through the continuous process of scientific studies and research.
The Qur’anic verses on creation in conformity with modern science are cited below:
Creation of Heavens and the Earth
اَوَلَمْ يَرَ الَّذِيْنَ كَفَرُوْۤا اَنَّ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضَ كَانَتَا رَتْقًا فَفَتَقْنٰهُمَا
“Do the disbelievers not see that the heavens and the earth were one mass, and We tore them apart? …..” (21:30)
وَجَعَلْنَا فِى الْاَرْضِ رَوٰسِىَ اَنْ تَمِيْدَ بِهِمْ وَجَعَلْنَا فِيْهَا فِجَاجًا سُبُلًا لَّعَلَّهُمْ يَهْتَدُوْنَ وَجَعَلْنَا السَّمَآءَ سَقْفًا مَّحْفُوْظًا وَهُمْ عَنْ اٰيٰتِهَا مُعْرِضُوْنَ وَهُوَ الَّذِىْ خَلَقَ الَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ وَالشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ كُلٌّ فِىْ فَلَكٍ يَّسْبَحُوْنَ
And We placed on earth stabilizers (mountains), lest it sways with them, and We placed therein wide passages and signposts (as travel guide), that they may be guided. And We made the sky a protected ceiling, yet they turn away from its signs. It is He who created the night and the day, and the sun and the moon; each floating in an orbit.” (21:31 – 33)
اَفَلَمْ یَنْظُرُوْۤا اِلَی السَّمَآءِ فَوْقَهُمْ كَیْفَ بَنَیْنٰهَا وَزَیَّنّٰهَا وَمَا لَهَا مِنْ فُرُوْجٍ
“Do they not look at the sky above them? – How We have made it and adorned it, and there are no rifts in it?” (50:6)
ثُمَّ اسْتَوٰۤى اِلَى السَّمَآءِ وَهِىَ دُخَانٌ فَقَالَ لَهَا وَلِلْاَرْضِ ائْتِيْا طَوْعًا اَوْ كَرْهًا قَالَتَاۤ اَتَيْنَا طَآئِعِيْنَ
“Then He turned to the sky, and it was smoke, and said to it and to the earth, ‘Come, willingly or unwillingly.’ They said, ‘We come together with willing obedience’.” (41:11)
وَجَعَلَ فِيْهَا رَوٰسِىَ مِنْ فَوْقِهَا وَبٰرَكَ فِيْهَا وَقَدَّرَ فِيْهَا اَقْوٰتَهَا فِىْ اَرْبَعَةِ اَيَّامٍ سَوَآءً لِّلسَّآئِلِيْنَ
“He placed mountains over the surface of the earth (to stabilize it), and bestowed blessings in it; and planned its provisions in four days (periods), equally to the seekers.” (41:10)
وَلَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا فِي سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ وَمَا مَسَّنَا مِن لُّغُوبٍ
“We created the heavens and the earth and all between them in Six Days (Periods), nor did any sense of weariness touch Us.” (50:38)
اَوَ لَمْ یَتَفَكَرُوْا فِیْۤ اَنْفُسِهِمْ مَا خَلَقَ اللّٰهُ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضَ وَمَا بَیْنَهُمَاۤ اِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَاَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّی ؕ وَاِنَّ كَثِیْرًا مِّنَ النَّاسِ بِلِقَآیِٔ رَبِّهِمْ لَکٰفِرُوْنَ
“Do they not reflect in their own minds? Allah has created the heavens and the earth and all that in between them for just ends and for a term appointed: yet truly there are many among people who deny the meeting with their Lord (on the Day of Resurrection)!” (30:8)
اِنَّ رَبَّكُمُ اللهُ الَّذِىْ خَلَقَ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضَ فِىْ سِتَّةِ اَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ اسْتَوٰى عَلَى الْعَرْشِ يُدَبِّرُ الْاَمْرَ
“Verily your Lord is Allah, who created the heavens and the earth in six days (periods), then settled over the Throne, governing all things……..?” (10:3)
قُلْ اَئِنَّکُمْ لَتَکْفُرُوْنَ بِالَّذِیْ خَلَقَ الْاَرْضَ فِیْ یَوْمَیْنِ وَتَجْعَلُوْنَ لَہٗۤ اَنْدَادًا ؕ ذٰلِكَ رَبُّ الْعٰلَمِیْنَ
“(O Prophet) Say: Is it that you deny Him Who created the earth in two Days (periods)? And do you join equals with Him? He is the Lord of (all) the Worlds.” (41:9)
وَجَعَلَ فِيْهَا رَوٰسِىَ مِنْ فَوْقِهَا وَبٰرَكَ فِيْهَا وَقَدَّرَ فِيْهَاۤ اَقْوٰتَهَا فِىْۤ اَرْبَعَةِ اَيَّامٍ سَوَآءً لِّلسَّآئِلِيْنَ ثُمَّ اسْتَوٰۤى اِلَى السَّمَآءِ وَهِىَ دُخَانٌ فَقَالَ لَهَا وَلِلْاَرْضِ ائْتِيْا طَوْعًا اَوْ كَرْهًا قَالَتَاۤ اَتَيْنَا طَآئِعِيْنَ فَقَضٰىهُنَّ سَبْعَ سَمٰوَاتٍ فِىْ يَوْمَيْنِ وَاَوْحٰى فِىْ كُلِّ سَمَآءٍ اَمْرَهَا وَزَيَّنَّا السَّمَآءَ الدُّنْيَا بِمَصٰبِيْحَ وَحِفْظًا ذٰلِكَ تَقْدِيْرُ الْعَزِيْزِ الْعَلِيْمِ
“He placed mountains over the surface of the earth (to stabilize it), and bestowed blessings on it; and planned its provisions in four days (period of time), equally to the seekers. Then He turned to His design the sky, and it was smoke, and said to it and to the earth, ‘Come you together, willingly or unwillingly.’ They said, ‘We do come (together) willingly.’ So, He completed them as seven (layers of) heavens in two days (periods), and He assigned each heaven its mandate. And We decorated the lower universe with lamps (stars) and said: “Behold rendered it inviolable. That is the design of the Almighty, the All-Knowing.” (41:10 – 12)
اِنَّ اللّٰهَ یُمْسِکُ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضَ اَنْ تَزُوْلَا ۬ۚ وَلَئِنْ زَالَتَاۤ اِنْ اَمْسَكَهُمَا مِنْ اَحَدٍ مِّنْۢ بَعْدِہٖ ؕ اِنَّہٗ كَانَ حَلِیْمًا غَفُوْرًا
“It is Allah Who holds the heavens and the earth, lest they should swerve (from their orbits): and if they should deviate, there is none – not one – can sustain them thereafter: Verily He is Most Forbearing, Oft-Forgiving.” (35:41)
وَسَخَّرَ لَکُمْ مَّا فِی السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ مَا فِی الْاَرْضِ جَمِیْعًا مِّنْهُ ؕ اِنَّ فِیْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰیٰتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ یَّتَفَكَرُوْنَ
“And He has subjected to you, as from Him, all that is in the heavens and on earth: Behold, in that are Signs indeed for those who reflect.” (45:13)
ءَاَنْتُمْ اَشَدُّ خَلْقًا اَمِ السَّمَآءُ ؕ بَنٰهَا رَفَعَ سَمْكَهَا فَسَوّٰىهَا وَاَغْطَشَ لَیْلَهَا وَاَخْرَجَ ضُحٰهَا وَالْاَرْضَ بَعْدَ ذٰلِكَ دَحٰىهَا اَخْرَجَ مِنْهَا مَآءَهَا وَ مَرْعٰهَا وَالْجِبَالَ اَرْسٰهَا مَتَاعًا لَّکُمْ وَ لِاَنْعَامِکُمْ
“Is it harder to create you, or the heavens – which He built? He raised its canopy and fashioned it perfectly. And He darkened its night and exposed its daylight. And thereafter He spread it (earth) out. And from it, He extracted its water and its pasture. And He anchored the mountains, – A source of benefit for you and for your animals.” (79:27 – 33)
اللّٰهُ الَّذِي رَفَعَ السَّمَاوَاتِ بِغَيْرِ عَمَدٍ تَرَوْنَهَا ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى عَلَى الْعَرْشِ وَسَخَّرَ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ كُلٌّ يَجْرِي لأَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى يُدَبِّرُ الأَمْرَ يُفَصِّلُ الآيَاتِ لَعَلَّكُم بِلِقَاء رَبِّكُمْ تُوقِنُونَ
“Allah is He Who raised the heavens without any pillars that you can see; then He firmly established Himself on the throne (of authority), and He subjected the sun and the moon (to his Law)! Each one runs (its course) for a term appointed. He regulates all affairs, explaining the signs in detail that you may believe with certainty in the meeting with your Lord.” (13:2)
اَلَمْ تَرَ اَنَّ اللّٰهَ سَخَّرَ لَکُمْ مَّا فِی الْاَرْضِ وَالْفُلْكَ تَجْرِیْ فِی الْبَحْرِ بِاَمْرِہٖ ؕ وَ یُمْسِکُ السَّمَآءَ اَنْ تَقَعَ عَلَی الْاَرْضِ اِلَّا بِاِذْنِہٖ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ بِالنَّاسِ لَرَءُوْفٌ رَّحِیْمٌ
“Do you not see that Allah has made subject all that is on the earth to you (humans), and the ships that sail through the sea by His Command? He withholds the sky from failing on the earth except by His leave: for Allah is Most Kind and Most Merciful to man.” (22:65)
الَّذِیْ خَلَقَ سَبْعَ سَمٰوٰتٍ طِبَاقًا ؕ مَا تَرٰی فِیْ خَلْقِ الرَّحْمٰنِ مِنْ تَفٰوُتٍ ؕ فَارْجِعِ الْبَصَرَ ۙ هَلْ تَرٰی مِنْ فُطُوْرٍ ثُمَّ ارْجِعِ الْبَصَرَ كَرَّتَیْنِ یَنْقَلِبْ اِلَیْكَ الْبَصَرُ خَاسِئًا وَهُوَ حَسِیْرٌ وَلَقَدْ زَیَّنَّا السَّمَآءَ الدُّنْیَا بِمَصَابِیْحَ وَجَعَلْنٰهَا رُجُوْمًا لِّلشَّیٰطِیْنِ وَاَعْتَدْنَا لَهُمْ عَذَابَ السَّعِیْرِ
“He Who created the seven heavens one above another: You will not see any inconsistency in the Creation of ((Allah) Most Gracious. So, turn your vision again: Do you see any cracks therein? Look again and once again: your vision will come back to you in vain and exhausted. And indeed, we have adorned the lowest heaven with Lamps, and We have made them like missiles to drive away the Evil Ones and have prepared for them the Penalty of the Blazing Fire.” (67:3 – 5)
خَلَقَ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضَ بِالْحَقِّ ۚ یُكَوِّرُ الَّیْلَ عَلَی النَّهَارِ وَیُكَوِّرُ النَّهَارَ عَلَی الَّیْلِ وَسَخَّرَ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ ؕ کُلٌّ یَّجْرِیْ لِاَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّی ؕ اَلَا هُوَ الْعَزِیْزُ الْغَفَّارُ
“He created the heavens and the earth in true proportions. He makes the night overlap the day, and the day overlap the night. He has subjected the sun and the moon to His law; each one follows a course for a time appointed……” (39:5).
The Sun and the Moon
اَلَمْ تَرَوْا كَیْفَ خَلَقَ اللّٰهُ سَبْعَ سَمٰوٰتٍ طِبَاقًا وَّجَعَلَ الْقَمَرَ فِیْهِنَّ نُوْرًا وَّجَعَلَ الشَّمْسَ سِرَاجًا
“Did you see how Allah has created the seven heavens one above another, and made the moon a light therein, and made the sun as a (blazing) Lamp?” (71:15 – 16)
هُوَ الَّذِىْ جَعَلَ الشَّمْسَ ضِيَاءَ وَالْقَمَرَ نُوْرًا وَقَدَّرَهُ مَنَازِلَ لِتَعْلَمُوْا عَدَدَ السِّنِيْنَ وَالْحِسَابَ مَا خَلَقَ اللهُ ذٰلِكَ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ يُفَصِّلُ الْآيَاتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَّعْلَمُوْنَ
“It is He Who made the sun to be a shining glory and the moon to be a light (of beauty) and measured out stages for her; that you might know the number of years and the count (of time). Allah created these only in truth. (Thus) He explains His Signs in detail, for those who understand.” (10:5)
وَهُوَ الَّذِىْ خَلَقَ اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ وَالشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ كُلٌّ فِىْ فَلَكٍ يَسْبَحُوْنَ
“It is He Who created the Night and the Day, and the sun and the moon: all (the celestial bodies) swim along, each in its orbit with its own motion.” (21:33)
وَ السَّمَآءَ بَنَیْنٰهَا بِاَیْىدٍ وَّ اِنَّا لَمُوْسِعُوْنَ
“With power and skill did We construct the Firmament: for verily We are expanding it.” (51:47)
الشَّمْسُ وَالْقَمَرُ بِحُسْبَانٍ
“The sun and the moon follow courses exactly computed.” (55:5).
یٰمَعْشَرَ الْجِنِّ وَالْاِنْسِ اِنِ اسْتَطَعْتُمْ اَنْ تَنْفُذُوْا مِنْ اَقْطَارِ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضِ فَانْفُذُوْا ؕ لَا تَنْفُذُوْنَ اِلَّا بِسُلْطٰنٍ
“O you assembly of Jinn and humans! If it be you can penetrate the zones of the heavens and the earth, penetrate them! You shall not penetrate them save with a Power!” (55:33)
Alternation of Day and Night
اَلَمْ نَجْعَلِ الْاَرْضَ مِهٰدًا وَّالْجِبَالَ اَوْتَادًا وَّخَلَقْنٰکُمْ اَزْوَاجًا وَّجَعَلْنَا نَوْمَکُمْ سُبَاتًا وَّجَعَلْنَا الَّیْلَ لِبَاسًا وَّ جَعَلْنَا النَّهَارَ مَعَاشًا
“And made the night as a covering, and made the day as a means of subsistence?” (78:10-11)
وَاخْتِلَافِ الَّیْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَمَاۤ اَنْزَلَ اللّٰهُ مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مِنْ رِّزْقٍ فَاَحْیَا بِهِ الْاَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا وَتَصْرِیْفِ الرِّیٰحِ اٰیٰتٌ لِّقَوْمٍ یَّعْقِلُوْنَ
“And in the alternation of night and day, and the fact that Allah sends down sustenance from the sky, and revives therewith the earth after its death, and in the change of the winds, are Signs for those that are wise.” (45:5)
اَنَّ اللهَ يُوْلِجُ الَّيْلَ فِى النَّهَارِ وَيُوْلِجُ النَّهَارَ فِى الَّيْلِ وَسَخَّرَ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ كُلٌّ يَّجْرِى اِلٰى اَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى وَاَنَّ اللهَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُوْنَ خَبِيْرٌ
“(O Prophet) Have you not seen how Allah merges the night into the day, and merges the day into the night? That He subdued (engaged) the sun and the moon (to do their work), each running for a destined term? And that Allah is Cognizant of everything you do?” (31:29)
وَسَخَّرَ لَکُمُ الَّیْلَ وَ النَّهَارَ ۙ وَالشَّمْسَ وَ الْقَمَرَ ؕ وَالنُّجُوْمُ مُسَخَّرٰتٌۢ بِاَمْرِہٖ ؕ اِنَّ فِیْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰیٰتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ یَّعْقِلُوْنَ
“He has made subject to you the Night and the Day; the sun and the moon; and the stars are in subjection by His Command: verily in this are Signs for men who are wise.” (16:12)
وَاٰيَةٌ لَّهُمُ الَّيْلُ نَسْلَخُ مِنْهُ النَّهَارَ فَاِذَا هُمْ مُّظْلِمُوْنَ وَالشَّمْسُ تَجْرِى لِمُسْتَقَرٍّ لَّهَا ذٰلِكَ تَقْدِيْرُ الْعَزِيْزِ الْعَلِيْمِ وَالْقَمَرَ قَدَّرْنٰهُ مَنَازِلَ حَتّٰى عَادَ كَالْعُرْجُوْنِ الْقَدِيْمِ لَا الشَّمْسُ يَنْۢبَغِىْ لَهَاۤ اَنْ تُدْرِكَ الْقَمَرَ وَلَا الَّيْلُ سَابِقُ النَّهَارِ وَكُلٌّ فِىْ فَلَكٍ يَّسْبَحُوْنَ وَاٰيَةٌ لَّهُمْ اَنَّا حَمَلْنَا ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ فِى الْفُلْكِ الْمَشْحُوْنِ وَخَلَقْنَا لَهُمْ مِّنْ مِّثْلِه مَا يَرْكَبُوْنَ
“Another sign for them is the night: We strip the day out of it—and they are in darkness. And the sun moves towards its destined route of destination. Such is the design of the Almighty, the All-Knowing. And the moon: We have disposed it in phases until it returns like the old twig. The sun is not to overtake the moon, nor is the night to outpace the day. Each of them floats in an orbit. Another sign for them is that We carried their offspring in laden Ark. And We created for them the like of it, in which they ride.” (36:37 – 42)
اَلَمْ تَرَ اِلٰى رَبِّكَ كَيْفَ مَدَّ الظِّلَّ وَلَوْ شَآءَ لَجَعَلَه سَاكِنًا ج ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَا الشَّمْسَ عَلَيْهِ دَلِيْلًا ثُمَّ قَبَضْنٰهُ اِلَيْنَا قَبْضًا يَّسِيْرًا
“Have you not turned your vision to your Lord? – How He does prolong the shadow! If He willed, He could make it stationary! then do We make the sun its guide; Then We draw it in towards Ourselves, – a contraction by easy stages. (25:45 – 46)
وَهُوَ الَّذِىْ جَعَلَ لَكُمُ الَّيْلَ لِبَاسًا وَّالنَّوْمَ سُبَاتًا وَّجَعَلَ النَّهَارَ نُشُوْرًا وَهُوَ الَّذِىۤ اَرْسَلَ الرِّيٰحَ بُشْرًۢا بَيْنَ يَدَىْ رَحْمَتِه وَاَنْزَلْنَا مِنْ السَّمَآءِ مَآءً طَهُوْرًا لِّنُحْىَ بِه بَلْدَةً مَّيْتًا وَّنُسْقِيْه مِمَّا خَلَقْنَاۤ اَنْعٰمًا وَاَنَاسِىَّ كَثِيْرًا وَلَقَدْ صَرَّفْنٰهُ بَيْنَهُمْ لِيَذَّكَّرُوْا فَاَبٰۤى اَكْثَرُ النَّاسِ اِلَّا كُفُوْرًا
“And it is He who made the night a covering for you, and sleep for rest; and He made the day a revival (for work). And it is He who sends the winds, bringing advance news of His mercy; and We send down pure water from the sky. To revive dead lands thereby, and to provide drink for the multitude of animals and humans We created. We have certainly supplied it among them in different ways, that they may reflect, but most people persist in ungratefulness.” (25:47 – 50)
Earth and Natural Bodies
وَهُوَ الَّذِیْ مَدَّ الْاَرْضَ وَ جَعَلَ فِیْهَا رَوَاسِیَ وَ اَنْهٰرًا ؕ وَ مِنْ کُلِّ الثَّمَرٰتِ جَعَلَ فِیْهَا زَوْجَیْنِ اثْنَیْنِ یُغْشِی الَّیْلَ النَّهَارَ ؕ اِنَّ فِیْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰیٰتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ یَّتَفَكَرُوْنَ
“And it is He who spread out the earth and set thereon mountains standing firm and (flowing) rivers: and fruit of every kind He made in pairs, two and two: He draws the night as a veil over the Day. Behold, verily in these things, there are signs for those who ponder!” (13:3)
اِنَّ فِىْ خَلْقِ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالْاَرْضِ وَاخْتِلٰفِ الَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَالْفُلْكِ الَّتِىْ تَجْرِىْ فِى الْبَحْرِ بِمَا يَنْفَعُ النَّاسَ وَمَآ اَنْزَلَ اللهُ مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مِنْ مَّآءٍ فَاَحْيَا بِهِ الْاَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا وَبَثَّ فِيْهَا مِنْ كُلِّ دَآبَّةٍ ص وَتَصْرِيْفِ الرِّيٰحِ وَالسَّحَابِ الْمُسَخَّرِ بَيْنَ السَّمَآءِ وَالْاَرْضِ لَاٰيٰتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُوْنَ
“Behold! in the creation of the heavens and the earth; in the alternation of the night and the day; in the sailing of the ships through the ocean for the profit of mankind; in the rain which Allah Sends down from the skies, and the life which He gives therewith to an earth after its death; in the creatures of all kinds that He scatters through the earth; in the varying of the winds (in direction and temperature), and in the obeying clouds moving between the sky and the earth (to shower rains); (in all these events) indeed are Signs for a people those are wise.” (2:164)
وَالْاَرْضَ مَدَدْنٰهَا وَاَلْقَیْنَا فِیْهَا رَوَاسِیَ وَاَنْۢبَتْنَا فِیْهَا مِنْ کُلِّ شَیْءٍ مَّوْزُوْنٍ وَجَعَلْنَا لَکُمْ فِیْهَا مَعَایِشَ وَمَنْ لَّسْتُمْ لَہٗ بِرٰزِقِیْنَ وَ اِنْ مِّنْ شَیْءٍ اِلَّا عِنْدَنَا خَزَآئِنُہٗ ۫ وَ مَا نُنَزِّلُہٗۤ اِلَّا بِقَدَرٍ مَّعْلُوْمٍ
“And the earth We have spread out (like a carpet); set thereon mountains standing and firm; and produced therein all kinds of things in due balance. And We have provided therein means of subsistence, – for you and for those for whose sustenance you are not responsible. And there is not a thing but its (sources and) treasures (inexhaustible) are with Us; but We only send down thereof in due and ascertainable measures.” (15:19-21)
اَمَّنْ جَعَلَ الْاَرْضَ قَرَارًا وَّجَعَلَ خِلٰلَهَاۤ اَنْهٰرًا وَّجَعَلَ لَهَا رَوٰسِىَ وَجَعَلَ بَيْنَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ حَاجِزًاط ءَاِلٰهٌ مَّعَ اللهِ بَلْ اَكْثَرُهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُوْنَ
“Or, He (the Greatest) Who made the earth habitable, and set rivers to flow through its interstices, and set mountains firm on it. And He placed a barrier between the two seas? Is there any god besides Allah? Nay, but most of them do not know.” (27:61)
وَ الْاَرْضَ مَدَدْنٰهَا وَاَلْقَیْنَا فِیْهَا رَوَاسِیَ وَاَنْۢبَتْنَا فِیْهَا مِنْ کُلِّ شَیْءٍ مَّوْزُوْنٍ
“And the earth We have spread out (like a carpet); set thereon mountains firm and immovable; and produced therein all kinds of things in due balance.” (15:19)
Water Cycle in the Qur’an
The natural process of rainwater falling from the sky and its circulation (distribution) in various regions has made this earth a unique livable planet for all creatures in the universe. The formation of clouds and then the fall of rain therefrom is a part of the water cycle. The following verses give scientific thoughts on it:
اَفَرَءَیْتُمُ الْمَآءَ الَّذِیْ تَشْرَبُوْنَ ءَاَنْتُمْ اَنْزَلْتُمُوْهُ مِنَ الْمُزْنِ اَمْ نَحْنُ الْمُنْزِلُوْنَ لَوْ نَشَآءُ جَعَلْنٰهُ اُجَاجًا فَلَوْ لَا تَشْکُرُوْنَ
“See you the water which you drink? Do you bring it down (in rain) from the cloud or do We? Were it Our Will, We could make it salty (and unpalatable): then why do you not show gratitude?” (56:68 – 70)
وَ نَزَّلْنَا مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مَآءً مُّبٰرَکًا فَاَنْۢبَتْنَا بِہٖ جَنّٰتٍ وَحَبَّ الْحَصِیْدِ ۙ وَالنَّخْلَ بٰسِقٰتٍ لَّهَا طَلْعٌ نَّضِیْدٌ رِّزْقًا لِّلْعِبَادِ ۙ وَاَحْیَیْنَا بِہٖ بَلْدَۃً مَّیْتًا ؕ كَذٰلِكَ الْخُرُوْجُ
“And We send down from the sky blessed water, with which We cause to grow gardens and Grain for harvests; And tall palm-trees, with shoots of fruit-stalks, piled one over another; As sustenance for (Allah’s) Servants; and We give (new) life therewith to land that is dead: Thus, will be the Resurrection.” (50:9 – 11)
وَ اَنْزَلْنَا مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مَآءًۢ بِقَدَرٍ فَاَسْكَنّٰهُ فِی الْاَرْضِ ۖ وَاِنَّا عَلٰی ذَهَابٍۭ بِہٖ لَقٰدِرُوْنَ فَاَنْشَاْنَا لَکُمْ بِہٖ جَنّٰتٍ مِّنْ نَّخِیْلٍ وَاَعْنَابٍ ۘ لَکُمْ فِیْهَا فَوَاكِهُ كَثِیْرَۃٌ وَ مِنْهَا تَاْکُلُوْنَ
“And We send down rainwater from the sky according to (due) measure, and We cause it to soak in the soil, and We certainly are able to withdraw it off (with ease). With it We grow for you gardens of date palms and vines: in them, you have abundant fruits: and of them, you eat (with contentment).” (23:18 – 19)
اللهُ الَّذِي يُرْسِلُ الرِّيَاحَ فَتُثِيرُ سَحَابًا فَيَبْسُطُهُ فِي السَّمَاء كَيْفَ يَشَاء وَيَجْعَلُهُ كِسَفًا فَتَرَى الْوَدْقَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ خِلَالِهِ فَإِذَا أَصَابَ بِهِ مَن يَشَاء مِنْ عِبَادِهِ إِذَا هُمْ يَسْتَبْشِرُونَ
“It is Allah Who sends the Winds, and they raise the Clouds: then does He spread them in the sky as He wills, and break them into fragments, then you see rain-drops issuing from the midst thereof: then when He has made them reach such of his servants as He wills behold, they do rejoice!” (30:48)
اَلَمْ تَرَ اَنَّ اللّٰهَ اَنْزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مَآءً فَسَلَكَہٗ یَنَابِیْعَ فِی الْاَرْضِ ثُمَّ یُخْرِجُ بِہٖ زَرْعًا مُّخْتَلِفًا اَلْوَانُہٗ ثُمَّ یَهِیْجُ فَتَرٰىهُ مُصْفَرًّا ثُمَّ یَجْعَلُہٗ حُطَامًا ؕ اِنَّ فِیْ ذٰلِكَ لَذِکْرٰی لِاُولِی الْاَلْبَابِ
“Do you not see that Allah sends down rain from the sky, and leads it through springs in the earth? Then He causes it to grow, therewith, produce of various colors: then it withers; you will see it grow yellow; then He makes it dry up and crumble away. Truly, in this, is a Message of remembrance to people of understanding.” (39:21)
اَلَمْ تَرَ اَنَّ اللهَ يُزْجِىْ سَحَابًا ثُمَّ يُؤَلِّفُ بَيْنَه ثُمَّ يَجْعَلُه رُكَامًا فَتَرَى الْوَدْقَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ خِلٰلِه ج وَيُنَزِّلُ مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مِنْ جِبَالٍ فِيْهَا مِنْۢ بَرَدٍ فَيُصِيْبُ بِه مَنْ يَّشَآءُ وَيَصْرِفُه عَنْ مَّنْ يَّشَآءُ يَكَادُ سَنَا بَرْقِه يَذْهَبُ بِالْاَبْصَارِ
“Have you not seen how Allah propels the clouds, moves gently, then joins them together, then piles them into a heap, and then you see the rain emerging out of it? – then will you see rain issue forth from their midst? And He sends down hail from hail-bearing cumulus (clouds) of the sky. He strikes therewith whom He pleases and diverting from whomever He pleases, the vivid flash of His lightning almost snatches away the eye-sight.” (24:43)
وَ اَرْسَلْنَا الرِّیٰحَ لَوَاقِحَ فَاَنْزَلْنَا مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مَآءً فَاَسْقَیْنٰکُمُوْهُ ۚ وَمَاۤ اَنْتُمْ لَہٗ بِخٰزِنِیْنَ
“And We send the fecundating winds, then cause the rain to descend from the sky, which provides you with water (in abundance), though you are not the guardians of its reserves.” (15:22)
وَاٰيَةٌ لَّهُمُ الْاَرْضُ الْمَيْتَةُ اَحْيَيْنٰهَا وَاَخْرَجْنَا مِنْهَا حَبًّا فَمِنْهُ يَاْكُلُوْنَ وَجَعَلْنَا فِيْهَا جَنّٰتٍ مِّنْ نَّخِيْلٍ وَاَعْنٰبٍ وَّفَجَّرْنَا فِيْهَا مِنَ الْعُيُوْنِ لِيْاْكُلُوْا مِنْ ثَمَرِه وَمَا عَمِلَتْهُ اَيْدِيْهِمْ اَفَلَا يَشْكُرُوْنَ سُبْحٰنَ الَّذِىْ خَلَقَ الْاَزْوٰجَ كُلَّهَا مِمَّا تُنۢبِتُ الْاَرْضُ وَمِنْ اَنْفُسِهِمْ وَمِمَّا لَا يَعْلَمُوْنَ
“And there is a sign for them in the dead land: We give it life, and produce from it grains from which they eat. And We place in it gardens of palm trees and vines and cause springs to gush out of it. That they may eat from its fruits, although their hands did not make it. Will they not be appreciative? Glory be to Him who created all the pairs; of what the earth produces, and of their own selves, and of what they do not know.” (36:33 – 36)
Seas and Oceans
وَهُوَ الَّذِیْ مَرَجَ الْبَحْرَیْنِ هٰذَا عَذْبٌ فُرَاتٌ وَهٰذَا مِلْحٌ اُجَاجٌ ۚ وَجَعَلَ بَیْنَهُمَا بَرْزَخًا وَحِجْرًا مَّحْجُوْرًا
“It is He Who has let free the two parallel bodies of flowing water: One palatable and sweet, and the other salty and bitter; yet has He made a barrier between them, a barrier that is forbidden to be passed.” (25-53)
اَوْ كَظُلُمٰتٍ فِیْ بَحْرٍ لُّجِّیٍّ یَّغْشٰهُ مَوْجٌ مِّنْ فَوْقِہٖ مَوْجٌ مِّنْ فَوْقِہٖ سَحَابٌ ؕ ظُلُمٰتٌۢ بَعْضُهَا فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ ؕ اِذَاۤ اَخْرَجَ یَدَہٗ لَمْ یَكَدْ یَرٰىهَا ؕ وَمَنْ لَّمْ یَجْعَلِ اللّٰهُ لَہٗ نُوْرًا فَمَا لَہٗ مِنْ نُّوْرٍ
“Or (the Unbelievers’ state) is like the depths of darkness in a vast deep ocean, overwhelmed with billow topped by billow, topped by (dark) clouds: depths of darkness, one above another: if a man stretches out his hands, he can hardly see it! for any to whom Allah giveth not light, there is no light!” (24:40)
وَهُوَ الَّذِیْ سَخَّرَ الْبَحْرَ لِتَاْکُلُوْا مِنْهُ لَحْمًا طَرِیًّا وَتَسْتَخْرِجُوْا مِنْهُ حِلْیَۃً تَلْبَسُوْنَهَا ۚ وَتَرَی الْفُلْكَ مَوَاخِرَ فِیْهِ وَلِتَبْتَغُوْا مِنْ فَضْلِہٖ وَلَعَلَّکُمْ تَشْکُرُوْنَ
“It is He Who has made the sea subjected to you so that you may eat thereof flesh that is fresh and tender, and that you may extract therefrom ornaments to wear; and you see the ships therein that plowing the waves, that you may seek (thus) of the bounty of Allah and that you may be grateful.” (16:14)
اَللهُ الَّذِىْ سَخَّرَ لَكُمُ الْبَحْرَ لِتَجْرِىَ الْفُلْكُ فِيْهِ بِاَمْرِه وَلِتَبْتَغُوْا مِنْ فَضْلِه وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُوْنَ وَسَخَّرَ لَكُمْ مَّا فِى السَّمٰوٰتِ وَمَا فِى الْاَرْضِ جَمِيْعًا مِّنْهُ اِنَّ فِىْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰيٰتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُوْنَ
“It is Allah who placed the sea at your service, so that ships may run through it by His command, and that you may seek His bounty, and that you may give thanks. And He placed at your service whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on earth – all is from Him. In that, there are signs for a people who think.” (45:12 – 13)
Hills and Mountains
اَلَمْ نَجْعَلِ الْاَرْضَ مِهٰدًا وَ الْجِبَالَ اَوْتَادًا
“Have We not made the earth as a bed, and the mountains as pegs?” (78:6 – 7)
وَ اَلْقٰی فِی الْاَرْضِ رَوَاسِیَ اَنْ تَمِیْدَ بِکُمْ وَاَنْهٰرًا وَسُبُلًا لَّعَلَّکُمْ تَہْتَدُوْنَ
“And He has set firm mountains in the earth so that it would not shake with you, and streams and roads that you may find a way.” (16:15)
وَ جَعَلْنَا فِی الْاَرْضِ رَوَاسِیَ اَنْ تَمِیْدَ بِهِمْ ۪ وَجَعَلْنَا فِیْهَا فِجَاجًا سُبُلًا لَّعَلَّهُمْ یَہْتَدُوْنَ
“And We have set on the earth mountains standing firm, lest it should shake with them, and We have made therein broad highways (between mountains) for them to pass through: that they may receive Guidance.” (21:31)
وَ تَرَی الْجِبَالَ تَحْسَبُهَا جَامِدَۃً وَ هِیَ تَمُرُّ مَرَّ السَّحَابِ ؕ صُنْعَ اللّٰهِ الَّذِیْۤ اَتْقَنَ کُلَّ شَیْءٍ ؕ اِنَّہٗ خَبِیْرٌۢ بِمَا تَفْعَلُوْنَ
“You see the mountains and think they are firmly fixed. But they pass away just as the clouds pass away. Such is the artistry of Allah, Who disposes of all things in perfect order” (27:88).
وَ الْاَرْضَ مَدَدْنٰهَا وَاَلْقَیْنَا فِیْهَا رَوَاسِیَ وَاَنْۢبَتْنَا فِیْهَا مِنْ کُلِّ شَیْءٍ مَّوْزُوْنٍ
“And the earth We have spread out (like a carpet); set thereon mountains firm and immovable; and produced therein all kinds of things in due balance.” (15:19)
Human Creation and Reproduction
Scientists have confirmed that mud or dust, and water are the basic elements of the first stage in the creation of the physical structure wherein water contains more than 70%. The Quranic verses are quite in conformity with recent scientific findings. Descriptions of human creation are given in the following verses:
وَمِنْ اٰيٰاتِه اَنْ خَلَقَكُمْ مِّنْ تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ اِذَۤا اَنْتُمْ بَشَرٌ تَنْتَشِرُوْنَ
“And of His signs is that He created you from dust; and behold, you become humans spreading out.” (30:20)
وَجَعَلْنَا مِنْ الْمَاۤءِ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ حَىٍّ اَفَلَا يُؤْمِنُوْنَ
“…..And We made every living thing from water. Will they not believe?” (21:30)
وَاللّٰهُ خَلَقَ کُلَّ دَآبَّۃٍ مِّنْ مَّآءٍ ۚ فَمِنْهُمْ مَّنْ یَّمْشِیْ عَلٰی بَطْنِہٖ ۚ وَمِنْهُمْ مَّنْ یَّمْشِیْ عَلٰی رِجْلَیْنِ ۚ وَمِنْهُمْ مَّنْ یَّمْشِیْ عَلٰۤی اَرْبَعٍ ؕ یَخْلُقُ اللّٰهُ مَا یَشَآءُ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ عَلٰی کُلِّ شَیْءٍ قَدِیْرٌ
“And Allah has created every moving creature from water: of them, there are some that creep on their bellies; some that walk on two legs; and some that walk on four. Allah creates what He wills for verily Allah has power over all things.” (24:45)
وَلَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْاِنْسٰنَ مِنْ سُلٰلَةٍ مِّنْ طِيْنٍ ثُمَّ جَعَلْنٰهُ نُطْفَةً فِىْ قَرَارٍ مَّكِيْنٍ ثُمَّ خَلَقْنَا النُّطْفَةَ عَلَقَةً فَخَلَقْنَا الْعَلَقَةَ مُضْغَةً فَخَلَقْنَا الْمُضْغَةَ عِظٰمًا فَكَسَوْنَا الْعِظٰمَ لَحْمًا ق ثُمَّ اَنشَاْنٰهُ خَلْقًا اٰخَرَ ط فَتَبَارَكَ اللهُ احْسَنُ الْخٰلِقِيْنَ ثُمَّ اِنَّكُم بَعْدَ ذٰلِكَ لَمَيِّتُوْنَ ثُمَّ اِنَّكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيْٰمَةِ تُبْعَثُوْنَ
“We created man from the substance of clay. Then We placed his semen in a secure repository. Then We developed the sperm into a clot. Then We developed the clot into a lump. Then We developed the lump into bones. Then We clothed the bones with flesh. Then We fashioned it into a new type of creature. Most Blessed is Allah, the Best of Creators. Then, after that, you will die. Then, on the Day of Qiyamah, you will be resurrected.” (23:12 – 16)
يٰۤاَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اِنْ كُنْتُمْ فِىْ رَيْبٍ مِّنَ الْبَعْثِ فَاِنَّا خَلَقْنٰكُمْ مِّنْ تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ نُّطْفَةٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ عَلَقَةٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ مُّضْغَةٍ مُّخَلَّقَةٍ وَّغَيْرِ مُخَلَّقَةٍ لِّنُبَيِّنَ لَكُمْ وَنُقِرُّ فِى الْاَرْحَامِ مَا نَشَآءُ اِلٰىۤ اَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى ثُمَّ نُخْرِجُكُمْ طِفْلًا ثُمَّ لِتَبْلُغُوْۤا اَشُدَّكُمْ وَمِنْكُمْ مَّنْ يُّتَوَفّٰى وَمِنْكُمْ مَّنْ يُّرَدُّ اِلٰىۤ اَرْذَلِ الْعُمُرِ لِكَيْلَا يَعْلَمَ مِنْۢ بَعْدِ عِلْمٍ شَيْـًٔا ط
“O mankind! If you are in doubt about the Resurrection—then (think) We created you from dust, then from a small drop of sperm, then from a clinging clot, then from a lump of flesh, partly developed and partly undeveloped. In order to clarify things for you. And We keep in the wombs whatever We intend for a designated term, and then We bring you out as infants until you reach your fully-grown age. And some of you will pass away, and some of you will be returned to the worthless age, so that he may forget, after earth having knowledge. …..” (22:5)
وَخَلَقَ کُلَّ شَیْءٍ فَقَدَّرَہٗ تَقْدِیْرًا
“……He has created everything and has measured it exactly according to its due measurements.” (25:2)
اَلَمْ یَکُ نُطْفَۃً مِّنْ مَّنِیٍّ یُّمْنٰی ثُمَّ كَانَ عَلَقَۃً فَخَلَقَ فَسَوّٰی فَجَعَلَ مِنْهُ الزَّوْجَیْنِ الذَّكَرَ وَالْاُنْثٰی
“Was he not a drop of sperm emitted (in lowly form)? Then did he become a leech-like clot; then did (Allah) make and fashion (him) in due proportion. And of him He made two sexes, male and female.” (75:37 – 39)
اِنَّا خَلَقْنَا الْاِنْسٰنَ مِنْ نُّطْفَةٍ اَمْشَاجٍ نَّبْتَلِيْهِ فَجَعَلْنٰهُ سَمِيْعًۢا بَصِيْرًا
“We created man from a liquid mixture of semen, as to test him; and We made him hearing and seeing.” (76:2)
وَ اَنَّہٗ خَلَقَ الزَّوْجَیْنِ الذَّكَرَ وَالْاُنْثٰی مِنْ نُّطْفَۃٍ اِذَا تُمْنٰی
“That He did create the pairs, male and female, from a sperm-drop when lodged in its place (womb).” (53:45 – 46).
اِنْ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ لَّمَّا عَلَيْهَا حَافِظٌ فَلْيَنْظُرِ الْاِنْسَانُ مِمَّ خُلِقَ خُلِقَ مِنْ مَّآءٍ دَافِقٍ يَخْرُجُ مِنْۢ بَيْنِ الصُّلْبِ وَالتَّرَآئِبِ اِنَّه عَلٰى رَجْعِه لَقَادِرٌ
“There is no soul without a Protector over it. Let man consider what he was created from. He was created from gushing liquid. Issuing from between the backbone and the breastbones. He is certainly able to return him.” (86:4 – 8)
… یَخْلُقُکُمْ فِیْ بُطُوْنِ اُمَّهٰتِکُمْ خَلْقًا مِّنْۢ بَعْدِ خَلْقٍ فِیْ ظُلُمٰتٍ ثَلٰثٍ ؕ ….
“…….. He creates you in the wombs of your mothers in stages, one after another, in three veils of darkness. …..” (39:6)
نَحْنُ خَلَقْنٰکُمْ فَلَوْ لَا تُصَدِّقُوْنَ اَفَرَءَیْتُمْ مَّا تُمْنُوْنَ ءَاَنْتُمْ تَخْلُقُوْنَہٗۤ اَمْ نَحْنُ الْخٰلِقُوْنَ نَحْنُ قَدَّرْنَا بَیْنَکُمُ الْمَوْتَ وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمَسْبُوْقِیْنَ عَلٰۤی اَنْ نُّبَدِّلَ اَمْثَالَکُمْ وَنُنْشِئَکُمْ فِیْ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُوْنَ وَلَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمُ النَّشْاَۃَ الْاُوْلٰی فَلَوْ لَا تَذَكَرُوْنَ
“We created you – then why do you not believe this truth? Have you seen what you ejaculate? Is it you who create it, or are We the Creator? We have decreed death among you, and We will not be outstripped. In replacing you with your likes and transforming you into what you do not know. You have known the first formation; then why do you not take heed?” (56:57 – 62)
اَللهُ يَعْلَمُ مَا تَحْمِلُ كُلُّ اُنْثٰى وَمَا تَغِيْضُ الْاَرْحَامُ وَمَا تَزْدَادُ وَكُلُّ شَىْءٍ عِنْدَه بِمِقْدَارٍ
“Allah knows what every female bear, and every increase and decrease of the wombs. With Him, everything is proportioned.” (13:8)
وَهُوَ الَّذِىْ خَلَقَ مِنَ الْمَآءِ بَشَرًا فَجَعَلَه نَسَبًا وَصِهْرًا ط وَكَانَ رَبُّكَ قَدِيْرًا
“And it is He Who created the humans being from the fluid. Then He made relationships by blood, ancestry, marriage, and mating. Your Lord is Omnipotent.” (25:54)
اَلَّذِىۤ اَحْسَنَ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ خَلَقَه وَبَدَاَ خَلْقَ الْاِنْسَانِ مِنْ طِيْنٍ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ نَسْلَه مِنْ سُلٰلَةٍ مِّنْ مَّآءٍ مَّهِيْنٍ ثُمَّ سَوّٰىهُ وَنَفَخَ فِيْهِ مِنْ رُّوْحِه وَجَعَلَ لَكُمُ السَّمْعَ وَالْاَبْصَارَ وَالْاَفْـِٔدَةَ ط قَلِيْلًا مَّا تَشْكُرُوْنَ
“He who perfected everything He created and originated the creation of man from clay. Then made his reproduction from an extract of an insignificant fluid. Then He proportioned him and breathed into him of His Spirit. Then He gave you the hearing, and the eyesight, and the brains—but rarely do you give thanks.” (32:7 – 9)
اَلَمْ نَخْلُقكُّمْ مِّنْ مَّآءٍ مَّهِيْنٍ فَجَعَلْنٰهُ فِىْ قَرَارٍ مَّكِيْنٍ اِلٰى قَدَرٍ مَّعْلُوْمٍ فَقَدَرْنَا فَنِعْمَ الْقٰدِرُوْنَ
“Did We not create you from an insignificant fluid (sperm)? Then lodged it in a secure place? For a known term? Then We measured precisely. We are the best to measure.” (77:20 – 23)
اَلَمْ یَکُ نُطْفَۃً مِّنْ مَّنِیٍّ یُّمْنٰی ثُمَّ كَانَ عَلَقَۃً فَخَلَقَ فَسَوّٰی فَجَعَلَ مِنْهُ الزَّوْجَیْنِ الذَّكَرَ وَالْاُنْثٰی
“Was he not a drop of sperm emitted (in lowly form)? Then did he become a leech-like clot; then did (Allah) make and fashion (him) in due proportion. And of him He made two sexes, male and female. ” (75:37 – 39)
اَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا كَيْفَ يُبْدِئُ اللهُ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيْدُهط اِنَّ ذٰلِكَ عَلَى اللهِ يَسِيْرٌ قُلْ سِيْرُوْا فِى الْاَرْضِ فَانْظُرُوْا كَيْفَ بَدَاَ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ اللهُ يُنْشِئُ النَّشْاَةَ الْاٰخِرَةَ اِنَّ اللهَ عَلٰى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيْرٌ
“Have they not seen how Allah originates the creation, and then reproduces it? This is easy for Allah. Say, ‘Roam the earth, and observe how He originated the creation.’ Then Allah will bring about the next existence. Allah has power over all things.” (29:19 – 20)
الَّذِىْ خَلَقَ فَسَوّٰى وَالَّذِىْ قَدَّرَ فَهَدٰىوَالَّذِي قَدَّرَ فَهَدَىٰ وَالَّذِي أَخْرَجَ الْمَرْعَىٰ فَجَعَلَهُ غُثَاءً أَحْوَىٰ
“He who creates and shapes (in perfection). He who measures (determines the proportions) and guides. Who hath ordained laws. And granted guidance; And Who bringeth out the (green and luscious) pasture, And then doth make it (but) swarthy stubble.” (87:1 – 5)
كَلَّا لَئِنْ لَّمْ یَنْتَهِ ۬ۙ لَنَسْفَعًۢا بِالنَّاصِیَۃِ نَاصِیَۃٍ كَاذِبَۃٍ خَاطِئَۃٍ
“No! If he does not stop, We will take him by the ‘naseyah’ (front part of the head), a lying, sinful naseyah!” (96:15 – 16).
[Prefrontal area of the cerebrum is responsible for planning, motivating, and initiating good and sinful behavior and is responsible for the telling of lies and the speaking of truth.] Ref. Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology, Seeley and others, p. 211.]
اِنَّ الَّذِیْنَ كَفَرُوْا بِاٰیٰتِنَا سَوْفَ نُصْلِیْهِمْ نَارًا ؕ کُلَّمَا نَضِجَتْ جُلُوْدُهُمْ بَدَّلْنٰهُمْ جُلُوْدًا غَیْرَهَا لِیَذُوْقُوا الْعَذَابَ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ كَانَ عَزِیْزًا حَكِیْمًا
“Those who reject our signs, We shall cast into the fire; as often as their skins are roasted through. We shall change them for fresh skins, that they may taste the punishment; for Allah is Exalted in power; Wise.” (4:56).
[Sensitivity of pain in the skin is lost when burnt roasted and burnt totally. So, a Sensitivity new will replace the damaged one to taste the burning of Hell.]
كَمَنْ هُوَ خَالِدٌ فِی النَّارِ وَسُقُوْا مَآءً حَمِیْمًا فَقَطَّعَ اَمْعَآءَهُمْ
“……. (Can those in such Bliss) be compared to such as shall dwell forever in the Fire, and be given, to drink, boiling water, so that it cuts up their bowels (to pieces)?” (47:15).
[It has been discovered that intestines are not affected with heat but the hot water, when intestines are cut, causes the highest degrees of pain.]
Plants and Vegetation
وَّ اَنْزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مَآءً ؕ فَاَخْرَجْنَا بِہٖۤ اَزْوَاجًا مِّنْ نَّبَاتٍ شَتّٰی
“….. and (God is one Who) has sent down water from the sky. With it have We produced diverse pairs of plants each separate from the others.” (20:53)
وَ هُوَ الَّذِیْۤ اَنْزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَآءِ مَآءً ۚ فَاَخْرَجْنَا بِہٖ نَبَاتَ کُلِّ شَیْءٍ فَاَخْرَجْنَا مِنْهُ خَضِرًا نُّخْرِجُ مِنْهُ حَبًّا مُّتَرَاكِبًا ۚ وَمِنَ النَّخْلِ مِنْ طَلْعِهَا قِنْوَانٌ دَانِیَۃٌ وَجَنّٰتٍ مِّنْ اَعْنَابٍ وَّالزَّیْتُوْنَ وَالرُّمَّانَ مُشْتَبِہًا وَّغَیْرَ مُتَشَابِہٍ ؕ اُنْظُرُوْۤا اِلٰی ثَمَرِہٖۤ اِذَا اَثْمَرَ وَیَنْعِہٖ ؕ اِنَّ فِیْ ذٰلِکُمْ لَاٰیٰتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ یُّؤْمِنُوْنَ
“It is He Who sends down rain from the skies: with it, We produce vegetation of all kinds: from some We produce verdure (green crops), out of which We produce clustered grains, out of the date-palm and its spathes with bunches of dates hanging low and near: and (then there are) gardens of grapes and olives, and pomegranates, each similar (in kind) yet different (in variety) – when they begin to bear fruits, feast your eyes with the fruits and the ripeness thereof. Behold! in these things, there are signs for people who believe.” (6:99)
وَ فِی الْاَرْضِ قِطَعٌ مُّتَجٰوِرٰتٌ وَجَنّٰتٌ مِّنْ اَعْنَابٍ وَزَرْعٌ وَنَخِیْلٌ صِنْوَانٌ وَّغَیْرُ صِنْوَانٍ یُّسْقٰی بِمَآءٍ وَّاحِدٍ وَنُفَضِّلُ بَعْضَهَا عَلٰی بَعْضٍ فِی الْاُکُلِ ؕ اِنَّ فِیْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰیٰتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ یَّعْقِلُوْنَ
“On earth are adjacent terrains (for diverse cropping), and gardens of vines, and harvests, and date palms, from the same root or from distinct roots, irrigated with the same water. We make some taste better than others. In that are signs for people who reason.” (13:4)
وَمِن كُلِّ الثَّمَرَاتِ جَعَلَ فِيهَا زَوْجَيْنِ اثْنَيْنِ
“……..And fruits of all kinds He produced (on earth) in two of a pair……” (13:3)
اِنَّ اللّٰهَ فَالِقُ الْحَبِّ وَالنَّوٰی
“It is Allah Who causes the seed grain and the fruit-stone to split and sprout……” (6:95)
سُبْحٰنَ الَّذِیْ خَلَقَ الْاَزْوَاجَ کُلَّهَا مِمَّا تُنْۢبِتُ الْاَرْضُ وَمِنْ اَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ مِمَّا لَا یَعْلَمُوْنَ
“Glory to Allah, Who created in pairs all things that the earth produces, as well as their own (human) kind and (other) things of which they have no knowledge.” (36:36)
Animals and Birds
اَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا اَنَّا خَلَقْنَا لَهُمْ مِّمَّا عَمِلَتْ اَيْدِيْنَاۤ اَنْعٰمًا فَهُمْ لَهَا مٰلِكُوْنَ وَذَلَّلْنٰهَا لَهُمْ فَمِنْهَا رَكُوْبُهُمْ وَمِنْهَا يَاْكُلُوْنَ وَلَهُمْ فِيْهَا مَنَافِعُ وَمَشَارِبُ اَفَلَا يَشْكُرُوْنَ
“Have they not seen that We created for them, with Our Hand livestock that they own? And then We have made these subdued to them. Some they ride, and some they eat. And they have in them many other benefits and drinks. Yet, why not they show gratitude?” (36:71 – 73)
وَاِنَّ لَکُمْ فِی الْاَنْعَامِ لَعِبْرَۃً ؕ نُسْقِیْکُمْ مِّمَّا فِیْ بُطُوْنِہٖ مِنْۢ بَیْنِ فَرْثٍ وَدَمٍ لَّبَنًا خَالِصًا سَآئِغًا لِّلشّٰرِبِیْنَ
“And verily in cattle (too) will you find an instructive sign. From what is within their bodies between excretions and blood, We produce, for your drink, milk, pure and agreeable to those who drink it.” (16:66)
وَ مَا مِنْ دَآبَّۃٍ فِی الْاَرْضِ وَلَا طٰٓئِرٍ یَّطِیْرُ بِجَنَاحَیْهِ اِلَّا اُمَمٌ اَمْثَالُکُمْ ؕ مَا فَرَّطْنَا فِی الْكِتٰبِ مِنْ شَیْءٍ ثُمَّ اِلٰی رَبِّهِمْ یُحْشَرُوْنَ
“There is not an animal (that lives) on the earth, nor a being that flying on its wings, but (form part of) communities like you. Nothing has we omitted from the Book, and they (all) shall be gathered to their Lord in the end.” (6:38)
اَوَ لَمْ یَرَوْا اِلَی الطَّیْرِ فَوْقَهُمْ صٰٓفّٰتٍ وَّ یَقْبِضْنَ ؔۘؕ مَا یُمْسِکُهُنَّ اِلَّا الرَّحْمٰنُ ؕ اِنَّہٗ بِکُلِّ شَیْءٍۭ بَصِیْرٌ
“Have they not seen the birds flying above them, spreading their wings, and folding them? None holds them except the Compassionate. He is the All-Seeing.” (67:19)
اَلَمْ یَرَوْا اِلَی الطَّیْرِ مُسَخَّرٰتٍ فِیْ جَوِّ السَّمَآءِ ؕ مَا یُمْسِکُهُنَّ اِلَّا اللّٰهُ ؕ اِنَّ فِیْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰیٰتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ یُّؤْمِنُوْنَ
“Do they not look at the birds, held poised in the midst of (the air and) the sky? Nothing holds them up but (the power of) Allah. Verily in this are signs for those who believe.” (16:79)
وَاَوْحٰی رَبُّكَ اِلَی النَّحْلِ اَنِ اتَّخِذِیْ مِنَ الْجِبَالِ بُیُوْتًا وَّمِنَ الشَّجَرِ وَمِمَّا یَعْرِشُوْنَ ثُمَّ کُلِیْ مِنْ کُلِّ الثَّمَرٰتِ فَاسْلُكِیْ سُبُلَ رَبِّكِ ذُلُلًا ؕ یَّخْرُجُ مِنْۢ بُطُوْنِهَا شَرَابٌ مُّخْتَلِفٌ اَلْوَانُہٗ فِیْهِ شِفَآءٌ لِّلنَّاسِ ؕ اِنَّ فِیْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰیَۃً لِّقَوْمٍ یَّتَفَكَرُوْنَ
“And your Lord taught the Bee to build its cells in hills, on trees, and in (men’s) habitations; Then to eat of all the produce (of the earth), and find with skill the spacious paths of its Lord: there issues from within their bodies a drink of varying colors, wherein is healing for men: verily in this is a Sign for those who give thought.” (16:68 – 69)